Category: Lent

Kisah Perempuan Samaria

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Minggu Ketiga Masa Prapaskah [A]
12 Maret 2023
Yohanes 4:5-42

Untuk hari Minggu ketiga Prapaskah, Gereja telah memilihkan kisah perempuan Samaria dari Injil Yohanes. Kisah ini tidak hanya muncul pada tahun liturgi ini (Tahun A), tetapi juga pada tahun-tahun lainnya (Tahun B dan C). Mengapa Gereja memilih bacaan ini untuk masa Prapaskah? Mengapa kisah ini menjadi sangat istimewa karena setiap tahun kita diundang untuk mendengarkan dan merenungkan kisah ini?

photocredit: Nandhu Kumar

Kisah perempuan Samaria menawarkan kepada kita sebuah kisah pertobatan. Oleh karena itu, kisah ini sangat cocok untuk masa Prapaskah. Mari kita masuk lebih dalam ke dalam kisah ini. Yohanes Penginjil tidak menyebutkan nama perempuan ini dan juga rincian lainnya, tetapi ada satu informasi yang menonjol. Sang perempuan pernah memiliki lima suami, dan saat ini, ia hidup dengan seorang pria lain. Sekali lagi, kita tidak memiliki rincian tentang hal ini. Tampaknya wanita tersebut telah menjalani siklus pernikahan, perceraian, dan pernikahan kembali. Untuk alasan yang tidak diketahui, para mantannya terus menceraikannya (lihat Ul 24, untuk proses perceraian di Hukum Musa).

Mungkin, ada masalah pernikahan yang serius. Mungkin, juga ada masalah dengan kepribadiannya dan juga karakter suaminya, yang membuat mereka tidak dapat hidup dalam hubungan yang permanen dan sehat. Sekali lagi, kita tidak yakin, tetapi kita dapat mengatakan bahwa ia telah melalui masa yang sangat sulit, dan pengalaman ini sangat menyakitkan dan traumatis, sampai-sampai ia memutuskan untuk hidup dengan seorang pria tanpa pernikahan yang sah. Pada saat yang sama, dia harus menghindari bangsanya karena malu, dan menjauhkan diri dari Tuhannya.

Pada awalnya, mendengar bahwa wanita ini memiliki lima pernikahan terdengar sulit dipercaya. Namun, hal ini tidak sepenuhnya mustahil. Namun, yang lebih penting adalah bahwa perempuan Samaria ini telah menjadi cerminan dari sebagian dari kita, atau orang-orang yang dekat dengan kita. Sebelum saya memulai studi saya di Roma, saya melayani sebagai asisten pastor paroki di Surabaya. Berada di paroki di sebuah kota besar, pelayanan saya terkait dengan pernikahan dan keluarga Katolik. Saya beruntung bahwa saya diberi kesempatan untuk memberkati lebih dari lima puluh pernikahan. Namun, sayangnya, saya juga bertemu dengan banyak pasangan yang mencari bantuan untuk menghadapi masalah perkawinan mereka. Ketika saya mendengarkan cerita mereka, saya dapat merasakan rasa sakit, frustrasi dan terkadang kemarahan. Konsekuensinya sangat menyakitkan dan traumatis: relasi menjadi hancur, keluarga retak, dan anak-anak menderita.

Untungnya, kisah perempuan Samaria tidak berakhir dengan tragedi. Yesus secara tak terduga menunggunya dan dengan penuh belas kasih menawarkan pengampunan dan kehidupan yang baru. Meskipun awalnya perempuan itu ragu-ragu, ia mengakui dosa-dosanya dan menemukan Mesias yang sejati. Kita tidak diberitahu apa yang sebenarnya terjadi dalam hidupnya, tetapi kita dapat berasumsi bahwa ia mengubah hidupnya karena ia memiliki keberanian baru untuk menghadapi bangsanya dan mewartakan Yesus.

Ketika saya mendampingi pria dan wanita yang bergumul dengan pernikahan mereka, banyak hal yang sulit dan menyakitkan, tetapi bukan berarti tanpa harapan. Beberapa pasangan akhirnya berekonsiliasi, tetapi ada juga yang menghadapi situasi yang lebih sulit. Namun, terlepas dari situasi yang sulit, banyak yang menolak untuk jatuh dalam dosa, tetapi memilih untuk bertumbuh dalam kekudusan. Saya merasa terhormat bertemu dengan beberapa di antaranya. Meskipun ditinggalkan oleh pasangan mereka, mereka menolak untuk membalas dengan kekerasan. Mereka juga menolak godaan untuk hidup dengan pria atau wanita lain di luar pernikahan, tetapi berkomitmen untuk membesarkan anak-anak mereka dengan baik. Mereka memiliki hak untuk marah dan kecewa kepada Tuhan karena kondisi yang mereka alami, tetapi mereka tidak membiarkan emosi negatif mengendalikan mereka. Yang lebih luar biasa lagi, mereka memutuskan untuk melayani juga di dalam Gereja.

Mari kita rangkul dan dukung saudara atau sahabat kita yang sedang bergulat dengan pernikahan mereka.

Roma
Valentinus Bayuhadi Ruseno, OP

Lent, Adam and Jesus

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1st Sunday of Lent [A]
February 26, 2023
Matthew 4:1-11

We are now on the first Sunday of Lent. For some of us, the Lenten season is just another routine. We abstain from meat or other things that bring us comfort and fast at least twice a year (Ash Wednesday and Good Friday). We are also asked to spend more time in prayer and encouraged to give more alms. The liturgical color and atmosphere also change in our churches. And in many parishes, confessions are made available. Some of us may not really understand why we must do these things, but since we are Catholics and others are practicing it, we do it too. Some of us may be aware of the reason behind these spiritual exercises because we listen to the catechesis given by the priests or lay catechesis, or explanations given on social media. As a priest, I take every opportunity to educate the faithful on this beautiful season (check also my catechesis and reflections in previous years). Yet, we still wonder why we have to keep doing this every year.

creation of Adam by Michelangelo at Sistine Chapel

The answer rests on our wounded nature. Speaking about our nature, we cannot but go back to our first parents Adam and Eve. In our first reading, we discover how Adam and Eve were created from the dust of the earth and received the breath of life. Not only that, God placed them in the garden close to Himself. This becomes a symbol that they lived in harmony with God, nature, and themselves. This is the state of original grace. Yet, despite all the privileges, Adam and Eve, the dirt of the earth, dared to defy the Lord of the universe. Truly, their sin merited death. God was merciful, prevented total death, and gave a second chance for man and woman. Unfortunately, sin has wounded their souls and destroyed their original friendship with God. The wounded nature is now weak to temptations and prone to commit more sins.

Regrettably, Adam is not just an isolated individual. He is also the head of humanity. Thus, St. Paul, in his letter to the Romans (our second reading), expressed the truth that the effects of Adam’s sin flow to all humanity. “Therefore, as sin came into the world through one man and death through sin, and so death spread to all men because all men sinned (Rom 5:12).” When we are conceived, we receive a wounded human nature. We are in a state far from God. Our tradition calls this original sin.

However, we are not doomed to hopelessness. St. Paul, also in the same letter, preached the good news that Jesus has saved us and brought us back into the friendship of God, the state of grace. “For if many died through one man’s trespass, much more have the grace of God and the free gift in the grace of that one man Jesus Christ abounded for many (Rom 5:15).”

Then, the question remains: ‘If we are already redeemed, why must we do intensive spiritual exercises in the Lenten season?’ Yes, we have been redeemed, but our souls retain some weaknesses due to the effects of original sin. We still have this tendency to commit sin and disorder. Thus, to strengthen our spiritual muscles against the flesh, the world, and the devil, Jesus gives us these three tips: fast, intensive prayer, and almsgiving. (For why these three actions, see my last year’s reflection.)

Yet, one question remains: ‘Why did God allow concupiscence to remain in our souls despite the work of redemption?’ Wait for the answer next Sunday!

Rome
Valentinus Bayuhadi Ruseno, OP

Writing on the Sand

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5th Sunday of Lent [C]
April 3, 2022
John 8:1-11

Jesus was facing an unsurmountable dilemma when confronted with a woman caught in adultery. The Pharisees demanded that Jesus throw her with a stone, following the Mosaic Law, which reads, “If anyone is caught sleeping with a married woman, both of them must die [Deut 22:22].” However, the flip side was that every Israelite at that time knew that they were not allowed by Roman Law to carry out the death penalty. So, if Jesus had not thrown the stone, He would have been accused of being unfaithful to the Law and not a man of God. However, if Jesus threw stones, He would be dealing with the Romans. What did Jesus do?

Jesus wrote on the ground. What did Jesus write? We don’t know for sure, and quite a lot of opinion has developed over the last thousand years. However, there is one interesting tradition about this. Jesus was fulfilling Jeremiah’s prophecy. About 600 years before Christ, Jeremiah once prophesied that ‘those who have turned away from Thee will be written on the earth because they have forsaken God, the fountain of living waters [cf. Jer. 17:13].’ Jesus was writing the names of those who had put Him to the test, the fountain of living water [cf. John 7:38].

Now it’s Jesus’ turn. Jesus threw this question back at them, “Who is without sin, let him throw the first stone.” Of course, Jesus was sinless, but the Pharisees always clamoured that they were an elite group who lived blemished according to the Mosaic Law and even had an obsession to force others to live Mosaic Law their ways. So it’s as if Jesus was saying, ‘OK, you who claim to be the perfect enforcers of the Mosaic Law, throw the first stone and prove that you are truly faithful to the Torah.’

A surprising thing happened. The Pharisees chose not to throw stones. They would rather disobey the Mosaic law than deal with the Romans. This shows that they are nothing more than opportunists and hypocrites. In front of the crowds, they showed themselves to be lovers of the Law, but they were ready to leave the Law in a disadvantageous situation.

It’s incomplete if we don’t see a little bit of Jesus’ action towards the woman. Jesus didn’t throw stones, but that doesn’t mean Jesus condoned or tolerated what happened. Jesus clearly said, ‘Go, and sin no more.’ Jesus stated that this woman was a grave sin that violated the sanctity of married life. However, Jesus, the God who has the right to forgive, read this woman’s contrite heart. Jesus forgave her. However, Jesus’ forgiveness was not cheap. Jesus demanded a radical change from a life of sin.

Who are we in this story? Are we like the Pharisees who are busy finding fault with others? Are we like those busy showing off, but we run away when we face a tough choice? Are we the ones who wallow in sin and don’t know what to do? Or, are we those who cannot appreciate the grace of God?

Valentinus Bayuhadi Ruseno, OP

The True Glory

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5th Sunday of Lent [B]

March 21, 2021

John 12:20-33

Traditionally, the Gospel of John is divided into two major divisions: the Book of Sign [chapter 1-12] and the Book of Glory [Chapter 13-21]. The book of Sign focuses on the public ministry of Jesus and presents the seven signs of Jesus. In John’s Gospel, Sign is a technical term for a miracle. Jesus’ signs begin with changing water into wine in Cana and reaching its culmination in raising Lazarus from the dead. Meanwhile, the book of Glory tells us how Jesus is glorified. The second part starts with Jesus and his disciples in the Upperroom and culminates in His Passion, death, and resurrection.

Today’s Gospel is coming from John chapter 12, and this chapter serves as a transition between the Book of Signs to the Book of Glory. This is also why the Church selected this reading: to prepare us to enter the Passion Sunday or the Holy Week.

One powerful lesson that we can see in today’s Gospel is how Jesus perceived His Passion and death. Undeniably, He would be crucified and die a horrible death. Crucifixion is a monstrous punishment reserved only for heinous criminals or violent rebels against the Romans. Crucifixion is dreadful because its purpose is to prolong the agony of the condemned before they met their death. On the cross, people are treated even lower than the animals. This is the kind of death that Jesus embraced.

Yet, in John’s Gospel, he did not see His crucifixion as a mere human event but divine providence. Jesus calls His crucifixion the glorification of the Son of Man. Jesus’ view does not only reverse the perspective of the cross but radically transform it. His crucifixion is not just something good or positive, but it is the victorious summit of His life. Jesus declared that the cross is the time of a judgment against the devil, the ruler of the world. Jesus also claimed that the cross is when people from all nations gather as one and receive salvation.

Does it mean Jesus simply dismisses His human side and acts ridiculously tough before the suffering of the cross? Jesus also recognized and admitted His human emotions. We know that Jesus manly faces the horror of His death in the garden of Gethsemane, yet when Jesus was firm to do the Father’s will and to love until the end.

From here, we can learn a profound lesson from Jesus. In following Christ, we might face trials and hardship in life, yet trusting in God’s providence, we can embrace them as our moment of glorification. Trusting in God’s providence is not running from the harsh realities of life, but in fact, it presupposes that we embrace all our humanity. It is not running but resolutely accepting it.

We can always see the lives of our saints. St. Agatha could easily escape death, but she refused to deny Christ and braved the horrifying tortures and death. Her torturers cut her breasts, and she was burned alive. In the eyes of the world, her death was senseless, but for them, it is sharing in the suffering of Christ, and thus, sharing in His Glory.

Valentinus Bayuhadi Ruseno, OP

Photocredit: marcio-chagas

Kemuliaan Sejati

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Minggu ke-5 Prapaskah [B]
21 Maret 2021
Yohanes 12: 20-33

njil Yohanes biasanya dibagi menjadi dua divisi utama: Buku Tanda-Tanda [bab 1-12] dan Buku Kemuliaan [Bab 13-21]. Buku Tanda-Tanda berfokus pada pelayanan publik Yesus dan juga tujuh ‘tanda’ Yesus. Dalam Injil Yohanes, ‘Tanda’ adalah istilah teknis untuk mukjizat. Tanda-tanda Yesus ini dimulai dengan mengubah air menjadi anggur di Kana dan mencapai puncaknya dengan membangkitkan Lazarus dari kematian. Sedangkan Buku Kemuliaan menjelaskan kepada kita bagaimana Yesus ‘dimuliakan’. Buku kedua dimulai dengan Yesus dan murid-murid-Nya di Ruang Atas dan berpuncak pada sengsara, wafat, dan kebangkitan-Nya.

Injil hari ini diambil dari Yohanes bab 12, dan bab ini berfungsi sebagai transisi antara Buku Tanda-Tanda ke Buku Kemuliaan. Ini juga mengapa Gereja memilih bacaan ini: untuk mempersiapkan kita memasuki Minggu Palma Sengsara Yesus dan Pekan Suci.

Satu pelajaran berharga yang dapat kita lihat dalam Injil hari ini adalah bagaimana Yesus memandang sengsara dan kematian-Nya. Tidak dapat disangkal, Yesus akan disalibkan dan wafat dengan cara yang mengerikan. Penyaliban adalah hukuman mengerikan yang hanya diperuntukkan bagi penjahat kelas berat dan pemberontak terhadap bangsa Romawi. Penyaliban ini mengerikan karena tujuannya adalah untuk memperpanjang penderitaan yang terhukum sebelum mereka menemui ajalnya. Di kayu salib, orang diperlakukan lebih rendah daripada hewan. Ini adalah kematian mengerikan yang Yesus akan rangkul.

Namun, dalam Injil Yohanes, Yesus tidak sekedar melihat penyaliban-Nya sebagai peristiwa manusia belaka tetapi sebagai penyelenggaraan ilahi. Yesus menyebut penyaliban-Nya sebagai kemuliaan Anak Manusia. Pandangan Yesus ini tidak hanya membalikkan perspektif salib tetapi secara radikal mentransformasinya. Penyaliban-Nya, bagi Yesus bukan hanya sesuatu yang baik atau positif, tetapi itu adalah puncak kemenangan dari hidup-Nya. Yesus menyatakan bahwa salib adalah waktu penghakiman terhadap iblis, penguasa dunia [Yoh 12:31]. Yesus juga mengklaim bahwa salib adalah saat orang-orang dari segala bangsa berkumpul menjadi satu dan menerima keselamatan [Yoh 12:32].

Apakah ini berarti Yesus mengabaikan sisi kemanusiaan-Nya dan menekan emosi-Nya sebelum menderita di kayu salib? Tentu tidak! Yesus juga mengenali dan menghidupi emosi manusiawi-Nya. Kita tahu bahwa Yesus menghadapi kengerian kematian-Nya di dalam sakratul maut di taman Getsemani, namun walaupun penuh pergulatan, Yesus tetap teguh untuk melakukan kehendak Bapa dan untuk mengasihi sampai akhir.

Dari sini, kita dapat mendapatkan pelajaran yang sangat berharga dari Yesus. Dalam mengikuti Kristus, kita mungkin menghadapi pencobaan dan kesulitan dalam hidup, namun kita diajak untuk percaya pada penyelenggaraan Tuhan, dan kita dapat merangkul penderitaan kita sebagai momen kemuliaan kita. Percaya pada penyelenggaraan Tuhan bukan berarti lari dari kenyataan hidup, tetapi sebaliknya, hal ini mengandaikan bahwa kita merangkul seluruh kemanusiaan kita.

Kita selalu bisa belajar dari kehidupan para kudus kita. Sebagai contoh, St Agatha dapat dengan mudah lolos dari kematian, tetapi dia menolak untuk menyangkal Kristus dan menantang siksaan dan kematian yang mengerikan. Para penyiksanya memotong payudaranya, dan dia dibakar hidup-hidup. Di mata dunia, kematiannya tidak masuk akal, tetapi bagi mereka, yang berbagi dalam penderitaan Kristus, dan dengan demikian, berbagi dalam Kemuliaan-Nya.

Valentinus Bayuhadi Ruseno, OP

photocredit: manuel-asturias

The Serpent, the Manna and the Eucharist

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Fourth Sunday of Lent [B]
March 14, 2021
John 3:14-21

Today’s Gospel presents us with one of the most cryptic sayings of Jesus, “Just as Moses lifted up the serpent in the desert, so must the Son of Man be lifted up, so that everyone who believes in him may have eternal life.” To unpack this, we cannot but go back to the Old Testament, especially the Book of Numbers.

In the book of Numbers chapter 21, we will discover Israelites’ story in the desert who complained about God’s given food. They even called Manna from God as the wretched or even worthless food. Indeed, this ungrateful act brought upon themselves a terrible punishment. The seraph serpents assaulted and killed many Israelites. Aware that they were perishing, the Israelites begged for mercy. God instructed Moses to make a bronze serpent and mount it on a pole for people to see. Those who had been bitten saw the bronze serpent and recovered. With this story as a background, Jesus presented Himself like the bronze serpent. He would be lifted on the cross so that those who see Him and believe will receive eternal life.

Yet, there are more! We notice that the reason behind this punishment is that the Israelites failed to appreciate the bread from heaven and even called it worthless. Indeed, that was an act of ingratitude, but it was also an act of the desecration to the heavenly bread itself. No wonder that the punishment was so severe. Interestingly, Jesus pointed out that the Manna in the desert is a type of Eucharistic bread that He would give [see John 6:48-50]. Thus, the incident in Number 21 teaches us a hard lesson about what will happen if we dishonor not only any God’s gift but also the most precious gift, the Body of Christ in the Eucharist.

The one responsible for the death of the Israelites was the seraph serpents. This serpent was not an ordinary snake like cobra or python. The word ‘seraph’ or the ‘burning one’ reminds us of the seraphim, one of the higher echelons of angelic beings. Aside from that, the image of a serpent that attacked humanity brought us to Satan’s first assault against Adam and Eve. The attack against the Israelites in the desert was not merely a natural phenomenon but supernatural. The devil himself wreaked havoc on the people of Israel.

If we connect the dots, we will see the relation between the Manna, the serpent, and the bronze serpent. When the Israelites desecrated the Manna, the seraph serpents broke loose and began their onslaught. The Manna was not only nourishing the Israelites but also protecting them from spiritual harm. If Manna in the desert is a type of the Eucharist, the serpent is the devil, and the bronze serpent is Jesus crucified, we can move one step further. Every time we desecrate the Eucharist, we do not only insult God but also open the gate of hell and let diabolic power overpower us and our societies. This desecration can only be remedied by true repentance and the cross of Jesus.

If we see ourselves, our families, and our communities are falling apart and becoming an easy target of the devil, the root is that we fail to honor the Eucharist. Like the Manna that protected the Israelites against the serpents and nourished them along their journey, the eucharist is our bulwark against the onslaught of the devil, and it is our spiritual food that nourishes and strengthens us in this earthly journey.

Valentinus Bayuhadi Ruseno, OP

photocredit: Maria Ostwalt

Jesus, the New Temple of God

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3rd Sunday of Lent

March 7, 2021

John 2:13-25

We, modern readers, often misunderstand today’s Gospel. This particular Jesus’ story becomes a basis for some to refuse the church building and parish vicinities for non-religious activities, however good its intention is. I personally agree that the inside of the Church’s building is a place set aside for worship and prayer. This is the sacred ground for people to encounter God and experience heaven.

However, today’s Gospel is more complicated than it seems. We tend to assume that Jesus cleansed the Temple from the animal vendors and money traders because Jesus saw them as not originally part of the Temple, but suddenly they were not mushrooming in the Temple’s area. Yet, if we go back to the time of Jesus, animal vendors and coin traders were part of the Temple’s system. The pilgrims from different parts of Palestine and the world streamed to the Temple every day, and though bringing their animal sacrifice was possible, it was not practical. The animals certainly would add inconvenient burdens, and they might get some brushes or injuries along the way. With the wounds or damages, the animals were no longer fit for the sacrifice. Thus, to offer a solution to these weary pilgrims, vendors in Jerusalem were ready to help by providing a healthy and worthy animal sacrifice.

Money changers are also tied to the Temple. To support the upkeep of the Temple, pilgrims were to donate some money, yet the Temple did not accept the Roman coins. Temple’s authority perceived the coins were a sign of foreign oppression. They are also considered blasphemous because the coin recognized Caesar as divine. Meanwhile, the Jews were not allowed to mint their coins. As a solution, they were accepting coins from the neighboring city of Tyre. Here comes the role of the coin traders. Without animal sellers and money exchange service, the Temple of Jerusalem would not perform as it should be. We can imagine how difficult it is to produce our own wine and bread for the celebration of the Eucharist.

Ordinarily, the animal vendors and coin traders were located near but outside the Temple. Yet, the problem began when the Temple’s authorities allowed these sellers to be inside the temple area, especially around the court of the gentiles. Jesus was doing what is right. However, farthest from the inner sanctuary, the court of the gentiles is still an integral part of the Temple and remains a place of prayer, especially for those non-Jewish people who believed in the God of Israel.

Jesus wanted to protect the house of God as a house of prayer and worship and desired that the Gentiles have a place in this house of prayer. While unfortunately, the Temple of Jerusalem was destroyed in 70 AD by the Roman empire, Jesus’ vision lives on. His desire to unite the nations in prayer and worship of the true God is realized and achieved perfection in His body, the new Temple of God.

Where do we find now the Body [and Blood] of Christ? It is in the Eucharist. In the Eucharist, people from different nations and languages gather to offer worthy worship to the true God. Every time we celebrate the Eucharist, we become the living testimony of this Jesus’ vision of worship for all nations. We can worship the true God because Jesus prepares the place for us.

 

Valentinus Bayuhadi Ruseno, OP

Yesus, Bait Allah yang Baru

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Minggu Prapaskah ke-3

7 Maret 2021

Yohanes 2: 13-25

Sebagai pembaca modern, kita sering gagal paham akan Injil hari ini. Kisah Yesus yang satu ini sering menjadi dasar bagi sebagian dari kita untuk menolak penggunaan bangunan gereja untuk kegiatan non-keagamaan, apalagi untuk keperluan untuk mencari untung. Saya pribadi setuju bahwa bagian dalam gedung Gereja merupakan tempat yang dikhususkan untuk peribadatan dan doa. Ini adalah daerah suci bagi umat untuk bertemu dengan Tuhan dan mengalami surga.

Namun, Injil hari ini lebih kompleks dari apa yang sering kita pahami. Kita cenderung berasumsi bahwa Yesus membersihkan Bait Suci dari para pedagang hewan dan penukar uang karena Yesus melihat mereka sebelumnya bukan bagian dari Bait Allah, tetapi tiba-tiba mereka menjamur di area Bait Suci. Namun, jika kita kembali ke zaman Yesus, pedagang hewan dan penukar koin adalah bagian dari sistem penyembahan dari Bait Suci. Para peziarah dari berbagai belahan Palestina dan dunia berdatangan ke Bait Allah setiap hari, dan meskipun membawa hewan kurban mereka sendiri itu bisa dilakukan, hal ini tidaklah praktis. Hewan-hewan ini akan menambah beban perjalanan dan hewan-hewan ini mungkin mendapatkan cacat atau cedera di sepanjang jalan. Dengan luka atau kerusakan tersebut, hewan-hewan tersebut tidak layak lagi untuk dipersembahkan. Karenanya, sebuah solusi bagi para peziarah yang lelah ini hadir: para pedagang di Yerusalem siap membantu dengan menyediakan hewan kurban yang sehat dan layak.

Penukar uang juga terikat ke Bait Allah. Untuk mendukung pemeliharaan Bait Allah, para peziarah harus menyumbangkan sejumlah uang, namun Bait Allah tidak menerima koin Romawi. Otoritas Bait Allah menganggap koin itu sebagai tanda penindasan asing. Koin Romawi juga dianggap menghujat karena koin itu mengakui Kaisar sebagai dewa. Sementara itu, orang Yahudi tidak diperbolehkan mencetak koin mereka. Sebagai solusinya, mereka menerima koin dari kota tetangga, Tirus. Di sinilah peran para penukar koin. Tanpa penjual hewan dan layanan penukaran uang, Bait Allah Yerusalem tidak akan berfungsi sebagaimana mestinya. Sama halnya seperti jika kita perlu memproduksi anggur dan roti sendiri untuk perayaan Ekaristi.

Biasanya, pedagang hewan dan pedagang koin berada di dekat tetapi di luar Bait Allah. Namun, masalah bermula ketika otoritas Bait Allah mengizinkan para penjual ini berada di dalam area Bait Allah, terutama di sekitar pelataran bangsa-bangsa [yang diperuntukkan bagi bangsa non-Yahudi]. Pelataran bangsa-bangsa, meskipun terjauh dari tempat yang paling suci, masih merupakan bagian integral dari bait suci dan tetap menjadi tempat berdoa, terutama bagi orang-orang non-Yahudi yang percaya kepada Tuhan Israel.

Yesus tidak hanya ingin melindungi rumah Tuhan sebagai rumah doa dan penyembahan, tetapi Dia juga ingin agar orang-orang bukan Yahudi mendapat tempat di rumah doa ini. Sayangnya, Bait Allah Yerusalem dihancurkan pada 70 M oleh kekaisaran Romawi. Namun, bukan berarti visi Yesus tetap sirna. Keinginan-Nya untuk mempersatukan bangsa-bangsa dalam doa dan penyembahan kepada Tuhan yang benar terwujud dan mencapai kesempurnaan dalam tubuh-Nya, yakni Bait Allah yang baru.

Di manakah kita sekarang menemukan Tubuh [dan Darah] Kristus? Tentunya, ada dalam Ekaristi. Dalam Ekaristi, orang-orang dari berbagai bangsa dan bahasa berkumpul untuk mempersembahkan ibadat yang layak kepada Tuhan yang benar. Setiap kali kita merayakan Ekaristi, kita menjadi saksi hidup dari visi penyembahan Yesus untuk semua bangsa. Kita bisa menyembah Tuhan yang benar karena Yesus menyiapkan tempat untuk kita.

 

Valentinus Bayuhadi Ruseno, OP

Climbing the Mountain

On By bayuopIn English, LentLeave a comment

Second Sunday of Lent [B]

February 28, 2021

Mark 9:2-11

Mountain is a special place in the Bible. It is a place where God meets His people. In the Old Testament, there are many instances where mountains become a pivotal point of salvation history. After the great flood that cleansed the world, the Ark of Noah landed on Mount Ararat, and there, Noah offered sacrifice to God [see Gen 8:4]. Abraham was asked by God to offer his son Isaac on Mount Moriah. Just right before the sacrifice, the angel of God prevented Abraham and God recognized Abraham’s faith [see Gen 22]. When Moses was tending the flock of his father-in-law, Moses saw a burning bush yet was not consumed, and there, on the mount of Horeb, God called Moses to save Israelites from the Egyptians [see Exo 3]. After the liberation from Egypt, Moses and the Israelites the Law and established a covenant with God on the mount of Sinai [see Exo 24:18].

Jesus’ important life events took place in the Mountains. There is the mountain of temptation, where the devil brought Jesus and offered Him the worldly glories. There is the mountain of prayer, where Jesus spent His solitude with the Father. There is the mountain of teaching, where Jesus taught the most remarkable lessons like Beatitudes and love for enemies. There is a mountain of Transfiguration, where Jesus manifested His divine glory. There is the mountain of the cross, or Golgotha, where Jesus gave His life for our salvation. Lastly, there is the mountain of ascension, where Jesus went back to the heavens and sent His disciples to preach and baptize all the nations.

One distinctive feature in the Mount of Transfiguration is that he invited three disciples: Peter, James, and John. There are many reasons why these three were selected. St. Ambrose of Milan, representing the Fathers of the Church, believed that these three were chosen because of Peter who received the kingdoms’ keys, John, to whom was committed our Lord’s mother, and James who first suffered martyrdom. Meanwhile, St. Thomas Aquinas, a Middle age theologian, argued that James was the first martyr, John was the most beloved, and Peter was the one who loves Jesus most. However, we can also see it in a simple way. These three were disciples who were ready to follow Jesus and climb the high mountain.

Climbing the mountain is a challenging mission. One has to make necessary preparation without being excessive. Climbing requires physical stamina as well as mental toughness. As the climbing progresses, the persons’ authentic characters will be revealed. Facing difficulty, one can be very selfish or selfless. Confronting challenges, one can march with courage or retreat in fear. In a dire situation, one can exhibit decisive leadership or get panicked and lose his way. Peter, James, and John were up for the challenge, and they persevered to see the transfigured Jesus.

Often Jesus calls us to climb a mountain with Him. Sometimes, we climb the mountain of prayer as we need to face many hurdles in our prayer life. Occasionally, we need to climb the mountain of teaching because we are struggling with the Church’s particular teachings. Sometimes, we climb the mountain of Calvary, and we need to carry our cross, and on the top, we find no consolation but the death of the Savior.

Yet, the good news is that Jesus, who invited us to climb the mountain, is also walking with us. As we walk with Jesus, He guides us, strengthens us, and forms us. If we are faithful in mountains of temptations and Calvary, we will participate in His Transfiguration, resurrection, and ascension.

Valentinus Bayuhadi Ruseno, OP

photocredit: Tim Foster

Mendaki Gunung Tuhan

On By bayuopIn Bahasa, LentLeave a comment

Minggu Kedua Prapaskah [B]

28 Februari 2021

Markus 9: 2-11

Gunung adalah tempat khusus di dalam Kitab Suci. Ini adalah tempat dimana Tuhan bertemu dengan umat-Nya. Dalam Perjanjian Lama, ada banyak contoh di mana gunung menjadi titik penting dalam sejarah keselamatan. Setelah banjir besar yang membersihkan dunia, Bahtera nabi Nuh mendarat di Gunung Ararat dan di sana, Nuh mempersembahkan korban kepada Tuhan [lihat Kejadian 8: 4]. Abraham diminta oleh Tuhan untuk mempersembahkan putranya, Ishak, di Gunung Moria. Tepat sebelum pengorbanan, malaikat Tuhan mencegah Abraham dan Tuhan menerima iman Abraham [lihat Kejadian 22]. Ketika Musa sedang menggembalakan kawanan bapa mertuanya, Musa melihat semak bernyala tapi tidak habis terbakar, dan di sana, di gunung Horeb, Tuhan memanggil Musa untuk menyelamatkan bani Israel dari Mesir [lihat Keluaran 3].

Peristiwa-peristiwa penting dalam hidup Yesus terjadi di Pegunungan. Ada gunung pencobaan, di mana iblis membawa Yesus dan memperlihatkan kemuliaan duniawi kepada-Nya. Ada gunung doa, di mana Yesus menghabiskan waktu tenang-Nya dengan Bapa. Ada gunung pengajaran, di mana Yesus mengajarkan pelajaran-pelajaran agung-Nya seperti Sabda Bahagia dan mengasihi musuh. Ada gunung Transfigurasi, di mana Yesus menunjukkan kemuliaan ilahi-Nya. Ada gunung salib, atau Golgota, tempat Yesus memberikan hidup-Nya untuk keselamatan kita. Terakhir, ada gunung kenaikan, di mana Yesus kembali ke surga dan mengutus murid-murid-Nya untuk mewartakan Injil dan membaptis semua bangsa.

Kembali ke gunung tansfigurasi. Salah satu ciri khas dalam gunung transfigurasi adalah bahwa Yesus mengundang tiga murid-Nya: Petrus, Yakobus dan Yohanes. Ada banyak alasan mengapa ketiganya dipilih. St Ambrosius dari Milan, mewakili para Bapa Gereja, percaya bahwa ketiganya dipilih karena Petrus yang menerima kunci kerajaan, Yohanes, yang menjadi komitmen ibu Tuhan kita, dan Yakobus yang pertama kali mati sebagai martir. Sementara itu, St Thomas Aquinas, seorang teolog Abad Pertengahan, berpendapat bahwa Yakobus adalah martir pertama, Yohanes adalah murid yang paling dikasihi dan Petrus adalah murid yang paling mengasihi Yesus. Namun, kita bisa melihat juga dari cara yang sederhana. Ketiganya adalah murid-murid yang siap mengikuti Yesus dan mampu mendaki gunung yang tinggi.

Mendaki gunung adalah misi yang berat. Seseorang harus membuat persiapan yang matang tanpa berlebihan. Mendaki membutuhkan stamina fisik serta ketangguhan mental. Saat pendakian berlangsung, karakter asli orang tersebut akan terungkap. Menghadapi kesulitan, seseorang bisa menjadi sangat egois, tetapi juga bisa rela berkorban. Menghadapi tantangan, seseorang dapat maju terus dengan keberanian atau mundur dalam ketakutan. Dalam situasi yang mengerikan, seseorang dapat menunjukkan kepemimpinan yang tegas atau menjadi panik dan tersesat. Petrus, Yakobus dan Yohanes siap untuk tantangan itu, dan mereka bertahan untuk melihat Yesus yang berubah rupa.

Seringkali Yesus memanggil kita untuk mendaki gunung bersama-Nya. Terkadang, kita mendaki gunung doa karena kita harus menghadapi banyak rintangan dalam kehidupan doa kita. Terkadang, kita perlu mendaki gunung pengajaran karena kita bergumul dengan ajaran-ajaran tertentu Gereja. Kadang-kadang, kita mendaki gunung Kalvari, dan kita perlu memikul salib kita, dan di puncaknya, kita tidak menemukan penghiburan selain kematian sang Juruselamat.

Namun, kabar baiknya adalah Yesus yang mengundang kita mendaki gunung, juga berjalan bersama kita. Saat kita berjalan dengan Yesus, Dia membimbing kita, menguatkan kita dan membentuk kita. Jika kita setia di gunung godaan dan golgota, kita juga akan ikut serta dalam mendaki gunung transfigurasi, kebangkitan dan kenaikan-Nya.

 

Valentinus Bayuhadi Ruseno, OP