Tag: Discipleship

The True Greatness

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25th Sunday in Ordinary Time [B]

September 22, 2024

Mark 9:30-37

The question of greatness is a major preoccupation of the disciples and many of us. What does it mean to be great? What is real greatness? What makes us great? Does Jesus teach us to pursue greatness, or does He shun it?

The disciples were arguing among themselves, ‘Who is the greatest?’ And this question was not coming out of the void but instead occasioned by Jesus’ revelation of His identity. In an earlier chapter, Jesus announced to His disciples that He is indeed the Christ, the Messiah expected by the Israelites. However, Jesus clarified further that this Christ must endure rejection, passion, and death. Unfortunately, the disciples did not understand the truth and persisted in their old beliefs. They thought Jesus was a Messiah like King David, who would lead Israel to victory against the enemies. The Messiah must not only free Israel from Roman oppression but also bring economic prosperity, religious freedom and renewal. To think a messiah would suffer and be defeated was incomprehensible and unacceptable.

Yet, Jesus seized the opportunity to teach about the true meaning of greatness. Jesus did not oppose the idea of greatness or having authority or power. Instead, Jesus clarified that to achieve true greatness, one must use his power and authority to serve and be the last. But what does it mean to serve? Is it enough to join and involve ourselves in charity programs or apostolates? Does serving mean giving donations to the poor or the Church?

After Jesus taught the disciples about true greatness, He did something extraordinary. He placed a little child amid His disciples and blessed the child. He said, “Whoever receives one child such as this in my name, receives me; and whoever receives me, receives not me but the One who sent me.” From here, we can conclude that to become great is to receive a little child in the name of Jesus. Then, where do we receive a child in the name of Jesus? The answer is in the family.

To become a parent, a father, and a mother is a call of true greatness. Accepting little and weak children in joy, raising them in faith, and finally offering them to the Lord require life-long sacrifice. This practically turns us into humble servants. This greatness does not make us famous, materially wealthy, politically powerful, or physically beautiful. In fact, we become the opposite! But this allows us to receive Jesus and the Father in our lives. Jesus seems to foresee a future where little children are rejected and even murdered.

Finally, true greatness is not here on earth but there in heaven. No wonder that in the Catholic tradition, the greatest saints in heaven are Mary, the mother of Jesus, and Joseph, Jesus’ foster father. Both Mary and Joseph accepted the little baby Jesus in their lives and raised Him in love and joy. They became the prime examples of true greatness.

Manila

Valentinus Bayuhadi Ruseno, OP

Questions for reflections:

How do we understand true greatness? Do we strive to be great? Do we serve others? How? Do we also make sacrifices for others? How? Do we recognize parenthood as a call to greatness? For parents, how do we accept and love our children? What sacrifices do we make for our children? Are we aware that we must bring our children to God? For those who are not married, how do we accept and love little children in our lives?

Forty Days in the Wilderness

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First Sunday of Lent [B]

February 21, 2021

Mark 1:12-15

Why did Jesus have to stay in the wilderness for 40 days? The answer is not difficult. He was reperforming what the Israelites did when they were liberated from Egypt. The Israelites stayed for 40 years in the wilderness before they entered the promised land. Yet, there is one more thing! Mark gives us a small, however important detail: in the wilderness, Jesus was staying with the beasts. Why so? If there is one man closely connected to the beasts in the scriptures, he is no other than Adam. Jesus is the new Israel who endured the harsh conditions of the desert and the new Adam who faced the onslaught of the devil.

Jesus entered the wilderness for forty days, and He was tested there by the harsh conditions of the Judean desert. Not only facing the barrenness of the desert, but Jesus was also confronting the devil himself. From here alone, we can draw a strong connection between the Israelites in the wilderness and Jesus, as well as Adam and Jesus. Like the old Israel who struggled with their own ego, Jesus was also enduring human weakness. Like Adam was facing the tempter, the devil tempted Jesus. However, there are significant differences.

While the Israelites murmured and complained, Jesus faithfully fasted and prayed. While the Israelites were grumbling for the food and Adam ate the forbidden fruit, Jesus rejected Satan’s temptation to change stone to bread. While the Israelites were losing faith and worshipping the demon in the form of the golden calf, and Adam wanted to be like God, Jesus refused to bow down to the devil despite all the worldly glory it offered. While the Israelites losing hope in the promised land and Adam blamed the woman, Jesus remained steadfast and refused to test God. Jesus is the new Israel and the new Adam. While the old Israel faltered and Adam succumbed to the trials and temptations, Jesus emerged victorious. Jesus corrected and perfected ancient Israel and old Adam.

We are the body of Christ, and we are part of the new Israel. As Jesus enters the wilderness, so we are going to our spiritual battle. However, we can only become triumphant when we are holding on to God and participating in Christ. The devil is much stronger than us, and without God, we march for sure defeat.

How are we going to win against this spiritual battle? Jesus gives us the answer: fasting-abstinence, almsgiving, and prayer. Fasting makes us hungry, yet it makes us realize that not all our bodily desires need to be fulfilled immediately. Almsgiving may hurt our pockets, but it opens us to the truth that we live meaningfully by giving, not hoarding things. Prayer may be a waste of time, but it offers us the most fundamental reality that we are nothing without God. We are part of the new Adam and the new Israel, and only in Him, we achieve our real victory.

 

Valentinus Bayuhadi Ruseno, OP

photo credit: nathan-mcbride

Yesus dan Eksorsisme

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Minggu Keempat di Masa Biasa [B]

31 Januari 2021

Markus 1: 21-28

Yesus melakukan pengusiran setan atau eksorsisme pertama-Nya dalam Injil Markus. Membaca konteksnya, kita menemukan bahwa Yesus sedang mengajar di sinagoga dan orang-orang mengenali Dia mengajar dengan otoritas. Ketika Yesus mengajar dengan otoritas, ini tidak hanya berarti Dia berkhotbah dengan kefasihan dan krisma, tetapi ajaran-Nya dimanifestasikan dalam tanda-tanda yang nyata dan menakjubkan, seperti penyembuhan dan pengusiran setan.

Kata eksorsisme biasanya diartikan sebagai mengusir roh-roh jahat dari seseorang yang kerasukan atau tempat yang terjangkiti. Sayangnya, karena pengaruh yang datang dari film-film Hollywood, pemahaman tentang eksorsisme telah terdistorsi, dan bahkan menjadi bahan lelucon. Namun, bagi Gereja Katolik, eksorsisme berakar di dalam pribadi Yesus Kristus sendiri, dan sebuah misi yang mulia.

Arti harafiah dari ‘eksorsisme’ adalah ‘mengikat dengan sumpah.’ Lalu, bagaimana kata ini bisa akhirnya berhubungan dengan roh jahat? Ketika kita bersumpah, kita perlu memanggil seseorang yang lebih tinggi dari diri kita sebagai penjamin janji kita. Secara sederhana, sumpah adalah mengucapkan janji dengan memanggil Tuhan sendiri sebagai saksi kita. Dalam konteks eksorsisme, imam yang bertugas sebagai eksorsis akan memanggil nama Tuhan untuk mengikat setan, dan mengirim mereka ‘ke kaki salib Yesus’ untuk menerima penghakiman. Kita tidak bisa mengusir setan dengan menggunakan otoritas kita sendiri karena setan adalah makhluk yang juah lebih kuat dari kita. Hanya dalam nama Tuhan yang benar, eksorsisme yang sejati dan efektif dapat terjadi.

Satu hal yang menarik dari Injil adalah Yesus mengusir setan tanpa menyebut nama Tuhan. Dia hanya berkata, “Diam, keluarlah dari dia!” Yesus mengusir dengan otoritas-Nya sendiri dan setan-setan mematuhi-Nya karena mereka mengenali kuasa ilahi-Nya. Setan juga mengenali Yesus bukan hanya sebagai Mesias atau sebagai raja orang Yahudi, tetapi sebagai ‘Yang Kudus dari Tuhan.’ Jika kita kembali ke Perjanjian Lama, gelar khusus ini mengacu pada imam agung Israel, secara khusus Harun. “… Harun, Yang Kudus dari Tuhan… [Mzm 106: 16].” Melalui mulut setan, Injil mengungkapkan dimensi lain dari identitas Yesus: Dia adalah sang Imam Agung. Dari kebenaran ini, kita dapat menyimpulkan bahwa eksorsisme adalah bagian dari tugas imamat.

Berpartisipasi dalam identitas Yesus sebagai imam agung, para uskup adalah eksorsis utama di keuskupan mereka. Kita ingat bahwa uskup adalah imam agung di keuskupan masing-masing. Setiap uskup kemudian dapat menunjuk dan mendelegasikan beberapa imam yang terlatih untuk menjadi eksorsis di keuskupan mereka. Waktu saya di Manila, saya beruntung bisa bertemu dan berdiskusi banyak hal, dengan Romo Jose Syquia, seorang eksorsis dari Keuskupan Agung Manila.

Namun demikian, kita tidak boleh lupa bahwa karena pembaptisan kita, kita juga mengambil bagian dalam imamat Yesus Kristus. Jadi, kita juga memiliki otoritas atas roh-roh jahat. Sebagai orang awam, kita diizinkan untuk mengucapkan doa-doa pembebasan tertentu ketika kita merasakan kehadiran dan aktivitas roh-roh jahat yang luar biasa. Doa kepada St. Michael, sang malaikat agung, adalah salah satu contoh doa pembebasan yang bisa digunakan kaum awam. Namun, kita tidak boleh lupa bahwa sebenarnya roh-roh jahat bekerja dengan cara yang sangat halus, terutama melalui godaan untuk berbuat dosa. Seringkali, tanpa disadari, kita sudah di bawah kendali iblis saat kita menjalani hidup yang penuh dengan dosa dan kejahatan. Sebagai pengikut Kristus, kita perlu menghadapi perang kita sehari-hari melawan kerajaan Setan, dan kita tidak bisa menang tanpa menyebut nama Yesus, tanpa doa yang konstan, tanpa sakramen, dan tanpa bantuan Gereja.

 

Valentinus Bayuhadi Ruseno, OP

We are Fishers of Men

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3rd Sunday in Ordinary Time [B]

January 24, 2021

Mark 1:14-20

We once again listen to the story of the calling of the first disciples: Simon and Andrew, as well as James and John, the sons of Zebedee. Jesus called them, and He would make them ‘the fishers of men.’ Yet, from countless possibilities of professions and occupations, why did they have to be ‘the fishers of men’? Why not merely Jesus’ promotion team? Why not Jesus’ soldiers?

The answer is not far from who the first disciples were. They were fishermen of Galilee. Yet, this time, they were no longer catching fish but gathering people for Christ. While they left almost everything behind and followed Jesus, they brought their lives, characters, experiences, and skills with them. They remained fishermen, but this time Jesus transformed the object of their catch: men and women.

The second reason why they were called ‘fishers of men’ is even more profound. It speaks of the fulfillment of the Old Testament’s prophesy. The great prophet Jeremiah who lived around 500 years before Christ, once said, “For I will bring them back to their land that I gave to their ancestors. I am now sending for many fishermen, says the Lord, and they shall catch them… [Jer 16:15-16].” The historical context of this prophecy is critical. After Salomon’s reign, the kingdom of Israel was divided into two smaller kingdoms. The northern kingdom was the coalition of 10 tribes, and the southern kingdom was the tribe, Judah and Benjamin. In 721 SM, the northern kingdom was destroyed by the Assyrian empire, and the ten tribes were deported to foreign lands. Then in 587 SM, the southern kingdom was demolished by the Babylonian empire, and the inhabitants were brought to the Babylonian lands. Jeremiah prophesied that God would bring back the scattered Israelites by sending ‘fishermen.’

By calling His first disciples as ‘fishers of men,’ Jesus was fulfilling Jeremiah’s prophecy. Jesus was gathering back the lost tribes of Israelites to Himself as the new Israel. This is why Jesus called and chose twelve apostles. The twelve apostles shall serve as the leaders of the new twelve tribes of Israel.

The identity and mission as ‘fishers of men’ are primarily for the apostles, yet every baptized Christians are sharing in this identity. We are fishers of men and women for Christ. Some of us may be called to get a quantity gain, like a priest who baptized thousands of people. Some of us may be invited to have a quantity yield, like parents who raise and educate their children as mature and responsible Catholics. Some of us stand in between these two kinds of catches, like zealous catechists, courageous lay missionaries, faithful religious sisters who take care of schools or orphanages, or indefatigable community leaders.

Surely to be a fisherman is not a stress-free job. Sometimes, we are facing storms and dangers. Sometimes, we are getting nothing after our best effort. Occasionally, we get in a disagreement with our fellow fishermen. However, the Gospel reminds us that we are not fishermen because we are good, but because Jesus calls us and makes us His fishermen. We draw our purpose and strength from Jesus because we are participating in Jesus’ mission to gather people to Himself. We are working together with apostles to fulfill God’s promise of the New Israel. We are the fishers of men.

Valentinus Bayuhadi Ruseno, OP

photocredit: paolo-nicolello

Kita adalah Penjala Manusia

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Minggu ke-3 di Masa Biasa [B]

24 Januari 2021

Markus 1: 14-20

Kita mendengarkan kisah panggilan murid-murid pertama: Simon dan Andreas, juga Yakobus dan Yohanes, anak-anak Zebedeus. Yesus memanggil mereka dan Dia akan menjadikan mereka ‘penjala manusia’. Namun, dari berbagai profesi dan pekerjaan yang tak terhitung jumlahnya, mengapa mereka harus menjadi ‘penjala manusia’? Mengapa tidak jadi tim promosi Yesus? Mengapa bukan tentara Yesus?

Jawabannya tidak jauh dari siapa murid pertama itu. Mereka adalah para nelayan di Galilea. Namun, kali ini, mereka tidak lagi menangkap ikan, tetapi mengumpulkan orang bagi Kristus. Meskipun mereka meninggalkan hampir semuanya dan mengikuti Yesus, pada dasarnya mereka membawa serta kehidupan, karakter, pengalaman, dan keterampilan mereka. Mereka tetap menjadi nelayan, tetapi kali ini Yesus mengubah objek yang mereka tangkap: manusia.

Alasan kedua mengapa mereka disebut ‘penjala manusia’ bahkan lebih bermakna. Hal ini berbicara tentang pemenuhan sebuah nubuat di Perjanjian Lama. Nabi besar Yeremia yang hidup sekitar 500 tahun sebelum Kristus, pernah berkata, “Sebab Aku akan membawa mereka pulang ke tanah yang telah Kuberikan kepada nenek moyang mereka. Sesungguhnya, Aku mau menyuruh banyak penangkap ikan, demikianlah firman TUHAN, yang akan menangkap mereka… [Yer 16: 15-16].” Untuk mengerti maksud nubuat ini, kita perlu melihat konteks historisnya. Setelah pemerintahan raja Salomon, kerajaan Israel terbagi menjadi dua kerajaan yang lebih kecil. Kerajaan utara yang merupakan gabungan 10 suku, dan kerajaan selatan yaitu suku Yehuda dan Benyamin. Pada 721 SM, kerajaan utara dihancurkan oleh kekaisaran Asyur, dan sepuluh suku itu dideportasi ke negeri asing. Kemudian pada tahun 587 SM, kerajaan bagian selatan dihancurkan oleh kerajaan Babel, dan penduduknya dibawa ke tanah Babel. Yeremia bernubuat bahwa Tuhan akan mengembalikan bangsa Israel yang tercerai-berai dengan mengirim ‘penangkap ikan’.

Dengan menyebut murid-murid-Nya yang pertama sebagai ‘penjala manusia’, Yesus sedang memenuhi nubuat Yeremia. Yesus sedang mengumpulkan kembali suku-suku Israel yang hilang di dalam diri-Nya sebagai Israel baru. Inilah mengapa Yesus memanggil dan memilih dua belas rasul. Kedua belas rasul akan menjadi pemimpin dari dua belas suku baru Israel.

Identitas dan misi sebagai ‘penjala manusia’ ini tidak hanya bagi para rasul, namun setiap orang yang telah dibaptis berbagi dalam identitas ini. Kita adalah penjala manusia bagi Kristus. Beberapa dari kita mungkin dipanggil untuk mendapatkan tangkapan yang berlimpah, seperti seorang imam yang membaptis ribuan orang. Beberapa dari kita mungkin dipanggil untuk memiliki hasil yang berkualitas, seperti orang tua yang membesarkan dan mendidik anak-anak mereka sebagai orang Katolik yang dewasa dan bertanggung jawab. Beberapa dari kita berdiri di antara dua jenis tangkapan ini, seperti katekis yang berdedikasi, misionaris awam yang berani, suster yang setia mengurus sekolah atau panti asuhan, atau pemimpin komunitas yang tak kenal lelah.

Pastinya menjadi nelayan bukanlah pekerjaan yang bebas stres. Terkadang, kita menghadapi badai dan bahaya. Terkadang, kita tidak mendapatkan apa-apa setelah usaha terbaik kita. Terkadang, kita berselisih paham dengan sesama pekerja. Namun, Injil mengingatkan kita bahwa kita bukan penjala manusia karena kita layak dan sempurna, tetapi karena Yesus memanggil kita dan menjadikan kita penjala manusia-Nya. Kita mengambil tujuan dan kekuatan kita dari Yesus karena kita berpartisipasi dalam misi Yesus untuk menyatukan seluruh umat manusia di dalam-Nya. Kita bekerja dengan para rasul untuk memenuhi janji Tuhan tentang Israel Baru. Kita adalah penjala manusia.

Valentinus Bayuhadi Ruseno, OP

photocredit: fredrik ohlander

Baptism and the Cross

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Baptism of the Lord

January 10, 2021

Mark 1:7-11

Baptism of the Lord is one of the defining moments in the life of Jesus. The synoptic gospels [Matthew, Mark, and Luke] writes this event, though with their own perspective and emphasis. We are in the liturgical year B, and thus, we are listening from the Gospel of Mark. Mark’s version is noticeably the shortest, but it does not mean it does not deliver a powerful message. The Baptism of Jesus in the River Jordan is a turning point in Jesus’ life. After this Jesus will be in the desert for 40 days, tempted by the devil, but he will prevail. Then, from this, Jesus will begin His public ministry and unreservedly move toward Jerusalem, to Cross, Death, and Resurrection.

Often, we ask, “why should John baptize Jesus?” We are well aware that John’s baptism is an outward sign of inner repentance. If a person repents, it means that the person has been living a sinful life. Does it mean that Jesus is a sinful man, He asks for John’s baptism? Surely, Jesus who is God, is perfectly sinless, but the question remains, “why should Jesus be baptized?”  Mark does not give us a straight answer, yet the Church offers us the reason. Catechism of the Catholic Church states, “The baptism of Jesus is on his part the acceptance and inauguration of his mission as God’s suffering Servant. He allows himself to be numbered among sinners… Already he is anticipating the “baptism” of his bloody death… [CCC 536].”

Simply put, Jesus’ baptism speaks of this solidarity with us sinners, and this solidarity does not stop in the symbolic baptism of John, but this will find its fulfillment in the cross. As sinners, we deserve to die, but it is God who dies for us. The Church’s answer is beautiful, but is it truly in the mind of the evangelists, especially Mark?

When Jesus is baptized, Mark describes the sky as ‘torn apart’ and a voice came, “You are my Son, the Beloved…” The Greek word for ‘tearing apart’ is ‘schizo,’ and the same word is employed again by Mark when he recounts the happening in the Temple when Jesus died on the cross: the giant curtain that separates the holy place and the holiest place inside the Jerusalem temple [see 15:38]. Meanwhile, Mark also recounts a Roman centurion proclaims that Jesus is truly the Son of God, after witnessing remarkable events during Jesus’ death. From here, we can draw an interesting insight. With this basic pattern between what happens in baptism and in the cross, Mark is telling us that these two events are indeed related. The Baptism points to the Cross, and the Cross is the fulfillment of the Baptism.

It reveals the reason why the Father is so ‘so well pleased with His Son.’ The reason is through baptism, Jesus signals to all of us His eagerness to do His Father’s will. Though Jesus is sinless, He takes up our burden of sin and dies for us as proof of the Father’s love for us.

If in His baptism, Jesus accepts the cross, we, as the baptized Christians, are also called to carry our crosses. As we share Christ’s cross and carry it faithfully, we can hope to love radically. As we love deeply, we may hope for our salvation.

 

Valentinus Bayuhadi Ruseno, OP

We are the Magi

On By bayuopIn Christmas, EnglishLeave a comment

The Epiphany of the Lord

January 3, 2021

Matthew 2:1-12

The Christmas season ends with the feast of Epiphany of the Lord or the Feast of the Three Kings. However, if we read the Gospel carefully, we will discover that one who visited Jesus is magi, and the word “king” is not used to describe them. The Gospel of Matthew also reveals neither their number nor names. St. Matthew only speaks of three gifts offered: gold, frankincense and myrrh.

Magi is coming from the Greek word ‘magos’, and it is the same root word for magic. In his book ‘Jesus of Nazareth: The Infancy Narratives,’ Pope Benedict XVI explains that Magi has a wide range of meanings. In one sense, it may point to a black magician like Simon the Magician [see Acts 8:9-24], but in another sense, the magi may refer to the philosophers of noble birth coming from the land of Persia. Ancient philosophers are educated people who devoted themselves to the pursuit of wisdom. This is the reason why we call the magi also the wise men. It seems that the wise men have eventually discovered through their careful study, that the great king who is the embodiment of wisdom herself has been born in the land of Judea.

Are they kings? The Church recognizes that the magi who brought three particular gifts are the fulfillment of ancient prophecy. Isaiah said, “Nations shall walk by your light,

and kings by your shining radiance. Raise your eyes and look about; they all gather and come to you… bearing gold and frankincense, and proclaiming the praises of the LORD [Isa 60:3-4,6; which is our first reading].” In short, Isaiah prophesized that the light will guide kings, and they will come and bring gifts of gold and frankincense, and praise the Lord. The magi match the description of Isaiah’s prophecy, and from here, we can also say that the magi are also kings who were guided by the light of the star and offered precious gifts to Jesus. They might be indeed kings of small nations or perhaps, members of royalty, otherwise Herod the great would not have received them in his palace and welcome them cordially.

What about their names? Writing from the 8th century, ‘Excerpta Latina barbari,’ introduces them as Balthasar, Melchior and Gaspar. Whether these are their real name or not, we are never sure. However, we are invited to have the spirit and character of these wise men.

To find Jesus, they left their homes’ comfort and embarked into a long and challenging journey. They also learned to open their hearts as they discovered that the great king is not in Herod’s palace, but a poor home of Joseph and Mary. Ultimately, they humbled themselves before Jesus as they worshipped Him and offered the best gifts representing their lives. Then, they may go home with great joy.

Epiphany means God’s manifestation to the nations, yet this manifestation requires the magi to get up, search, and be humble. We are the magi. We are invited to look diligently for Jesus. To be baptized, catholic is undoubtedly excellent, but it is just the first step of our incredible journey. We are called to go deeper into the beauty of our faith. We are challenged to see Jesus in even the most unexpected places. Unless we go out and seek, we never find. It is because we are the magi.

Valentinus Bayuhadi Ruseno, OP

Mark and His Gospel

On By bayuopIn Advent, EnglishLeave a comment

Second Sunday of Advent [B]

December 6, 2020

Mark 1:1-8

On the second Sunday of Advent, we are reading from the beginning of the Gospel of Mark. After all, this is the beginning of liturgical year B, and it is fitting to start with the first chapter of Mark. Yet, unlike Matthew and Luke, Mark has neither infancy narratives nor the childhood stories of Jesus. Mark commences his Gospel with John the Baptist, who announces the repentance and the coming of Christ.

Mark, among the four gospels, is arguably the least popular. This happens for understandable reasons. Mark is the shortest Gospel, and it has only 16 chapters and around fifteen thousand Greek words. [Matthew has around twenty-three thousand while Luke has twenty-five thousand]. Many stories in Mark are also found in Matthew and Luke, but many materials in Matthew or Luke are absent in Mark. Thus, people who read Matthew tend to skip Mark because they believe they have read Mark. This is certainly unfortunate because Mark has its characters and emphasis.

Mark is action-oriented Gospel. It immediately starts with a man of action, John the Baptist. Mark presents Jesus as someone who always in the move and is active. Mark does not write much about Jesus’ preaching but focuses on what Jesus does. He preaches the good news, heals the sick, exorcises the demons, does miracles, calls disciples, and travels a lot. Mark’s Gospel is also fast-paced, yet, despite the fast-moving events, Mark often paints more details in his accounts, like the Gerasene demoniac story [Mar 5:1-20].

The traditional symbol for Mark is a lion. He acquires this symbol because his Gospel starts with John, who boldly preaches repentance, just like a lion. Yet, the Gospel of Mark itself displays the character of a lion: it delivers his point powerfully and effectively. Mark was not the twelve disciples of Jesus, and he might be an eyewitness, especially when Jesus was arrested [Mark 14:51]. The Acts of Apostles calls him John Mark, a companion of Paul and Barnabas in their missionary journey. Still, unfortunately, Mark became a source of disagreement between Paul and Barnabas [Act 15:39]. Yet, he finally reconciled with Paul [Col 4:10]. Along the way, he turned to be the companion and disciple of St. Peter in Rome [1 Pet 5:13]. Later, in the early second century, Papias, bishop of Hierapolis, testified that Mark was the interpreter of Peter and wrote down Peter’s teachings of Jesus. Because of Peter’s authority, we understand why Mark’s Gospel was selected as one of the canonical gospels.

What can we learn from Mark and his Gospel, especially this season of Advent? Mark gives us an example that we can approach Jesus in our unique characters. While Mark is writing about Jesus, he does not have to compose like John. Like Mark, we do not have to be someone else in loving God. While the saints serve as role models, we are invited to love Him with our unique personalities and ways. While we are united in one Church, our personalities do not disappear but rather enhanced in serving one another. Unless we recognize who we are fundamentally in Christ, we are going to fail to love authentically.

Valentinus Bayuhadi Ruseno, OP

photocredit: samantha-sophia

Markus dan Injilnya

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Minggu Kedua Adven [B]

6 Desember 2020

Markus 1: 1-8

Pada Minggu kedua Adven, kita membaca dari awal Injil Markus. Kita ingat bahwa ini adalah awal dari tahun liturgi B sehingga awal Injil Markus adalah bacaan yang tepat. Namun, tidak seperti Matius dan Lukas, Markus tidak memiliki narasi kelahiran maupun kisah masa kecil Yesus. Markus memulai Injilnya dengan Yohanes Pembaptis yang mewartakan pertobatan dan kedatangan Kristus.

Markus di antara keempat Injil, bisa dibilang paling tidak populer. Mengapa? Markus adalah Injil terpendek dan hanya memiliki 16 bab dan sekitar lima belas ribu kata Yunani. [Matius memiliki sekitar dua puluh tiga ribu sedangkan Lukas memiliki dua puluh lima ribu]. Banyak cerita dalam Markus juga ditemukan dalam Matius dan Lukas, tetapi banyak materi dalam Matius atau Lukas tidak ada dalam Markus. Jadi, orang yang membaca Matius cenderung melewatkan Markus karena mereka yakin mereka telah membaca Markus. Hal ini tentunya sangat disayangkan karena Markus memiliki karakter dan penekanan tersendiri.

Markus adalah Injil yang berorientasi pada tindakan. Injil ini dimulai dengan Yohanes Pembaptis, “man of action”. Markus menampilkan Yesus sebagai seseorang yang selalu bergerak dan aktif. Markus tidak banyak menulis tentang pengajaran Yesus, tetapi berfokus pada apa yang Yesus lakukan. Yesus memberitakan kabar baik, menyembuhkan orang sakit, mengusir setan, melakukan mukjizat, memanggil murid dan mengunjungi banyak tempat. Injil Markus juga bergerak cepat, namun, meskipun bergerak cepat, Markus sering menuliskan lebih banyak detail dalam ceritanya di bandingkan Matius atau Lukas, seperti kisah orang yang dirasuki roh jahat di Gerasa [Mar 5: 1-20].

Lambang tradisional Markus adalah seekor singa. Dia memperoleh simbol ini karena Injilnya dimulai dengan Yohanes yang dengan berani memberitakan pertobatan, layaknya seekor singa. Namun, Injil Markus sendiri menampilkan karakter seekor singa: Injil ini menyampaikan pesannya dengan kuat dan efektif. Markus sendiri bukanlah dua belas rasul Yesus, dan ada kemungkinan bahwa dia adalah menjadi saksi mata, terutama ketika Yesus ditangkap [Markus 14:51]. Dari Kisah Para Rasul, nama lengkapnya adalah Yohanes Markus yang pada awalnya adalah rekan Paulus dan Barnabas dalam perjalanan misionaris mereka. Namun, sayangnya, Markus menjadi sumber ketidaksepakatan antara Paulus dan Barnabas [Kis 15:39]. Akhirnya dia berdamai dengan Paulus [Kol 4:10]. Markus kemudian menjadi pendamping dan murid St. Petrus di Roma [1 Pet 5:13]. Menurut kesaksian Papias, uskup Hierapolis, pada awal abad kedua, Markus adalah penerjemah dari St. Petrus dan menuliskan ajaran Petrus tentang Yesus secara akurat tapi tidak secara kronologis. Karena otoritas Petrus inilah, Injil Markus dipilih sebagai salah satu Injil kanonik.

Apa yang dapat kita pelajari dari Markus dan Injilnya terutama pada masa Adven ini? Markus memberi kita teladan bahwa kita dapat melayani Yesus dengan kepribadian kita yang unik. Saat Markus menulis tentang Yesus, dia tidak menulis seperti Yohanes. Saat Lukas mengutip Markus, dia tidak sekedar menjiplak Markus, tetapi menulis dengan gayanya sendiri. Seperti Markus, kita tidak harus menjadi orang lain dalam mengasihi Tuhan. Sementara para kudus memberikan teladan, kita diundang untuk mengasihi Dia dengan kepribadian dan cara kita yang unik dan terbaik. Saat kita menjadi bagian dalam satu Gereja, kepribadian kita tidak hilang, melainkan ditingkatkan dalam melayani satu sama lain. Kecuali kita mengenali siapa kita secara fundamental di dalam Kristus, kita akan gagal untuk mengasihi secara otentik.

Valentinus Bayuhadi Ruseno, OP

 

 

Foolish Virgins

On By bayuopIn English, Ordinary TimeLeave a comment

32nd Sunday in Ordinary Time

November 8, 2020

Matthew 25:1-13

A wedding ceremony is one of the most beautiful events in many cultures and societies. This includes the Jewish community in the first century AD Palestine. For the Hebrew people living in the time of Jesus, the wedding ceremony has two stages. The first one is the exchange of vows or betrothal. The couple is officially married, and they are recognized as husband and wife in the eyes of the Jewish community. Yet, they are going to wait for around one year before they are living together. The husband will prepare for the house as well as the reception celebration that may last for seven days.

The second stage is the wedding party. It begins with the groom fetch the bride from her ancestral house, and bring her to his home with a procession of dance and music. Since the procession usually takes place in the evening, fire and torches are indispensable. The ten virgins are part of the wedding ceremony which we may call today as the bridesmaids. They may be some of the close friends of the bride and even relatives of the couples. They are stationed not far from the wedding place to welcome the married couple. Since there is no internet and GPS, the ten virgins may not be able to locate precisely where the procession is, but they are expected to be ready.

It is interesting to see the attitude of the five foolish virgins. In Greek, the virgins are called as “moros” where we get the English word moron. It is undoubtedly a harsh word. Jesus applies the same word after His sermon on the Mount and points to people who listen to His preaching without practising them, “like a foolish man who built his house on sand [Mat 7:26].” Yet, if we observe, what we see that the virgins are doing foolish things. Not only they fail to prepare for the unexpected arrival of the groom, but they also look for the oil in the middle of the night. They are not living in the modern era where we can easily purchase it at the 24-hour convenient stores. The merchants are expectedly unavailable, and we can imagine how they rushingly search the vendors, and frantically knock their doors. This may cause unnecessary inconveniences and bring absolute shame to the couples. This may be the reason also why the wedding’s host refuses to admit these five foolish virgins.

This parable of Jesus gives us a potent reminder not to become foolish in living our lives as Christians. We are given a particular role and mission in our lives. Some of us are called to be married couples and parents.  Some of us are serving as priests or religious men and women. Some of us are teachers of the faith; some of us are leaders of the community, and others are servants. In whatever role we are, Jesus asks us to be wise in doing our ministries and demands us not to do foolish things as to scandalize others or even cause others unnecessary suffering.

If we, as Christians, act foolishly, we bring shame, not only to ourselves but Christ Himself. But, if we think and produce wise deeds, we bring glory to the Lord, and more people will praise our God.

 

Valentinus Bayuhadi Ruseno, OP