Category: English

The Good Shepherd

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Fourth Sunday of Easter [April 22, 2018] Jn 10:11-18

“I am the good shepherd. A good shepherd lays down his life for the sheep. (Jn. 10:11)”

good shepherd
photo by Harri Setianto, SJ

The Bible itself is filled with the good shepherd image. My personal favorite among the psalms is Psalm 23, “The LORD is my shepherd; there is nothing I lack.”  Prophet Isaiah who consoles the Israelites in Babylonian Exile, speaks of God who is like a shepherd who gathers back the lost sheep and brings them back home from the land of exile (Isaiah 40:11) Some great leaders of Israel are shepherds. Moses is tending to his father-in-law flocks when he is called by God in the burning bush (Exo 3). David also is taking care of his father’s sheep when Samuel comes and anoints him king (1 Sam 16).  No wonder, Jesus takes the image of Himself and introduces Himself as the Good Shepherd.

 

 From today’s Gospel, we can learn several characters of a good shepherd. Firstly, Jesus distinguishes between the Good Shepherd and the bad shepherds. The good shepherd owns the flocks and is responsible for their lives. Meanwhile, those bad shepherds do not own the sheep, and they work primarily for the money, not for the sheep. That is why when the danger comes from the predators’ attack or the thieves’ ambush; the hired workers would run and save their own lives rather than to protect their sheep. The prophet Jeremiah criticizes the corrupt and abusive leaders of Israel during his time as he prophesies, “Woe to the shepherds who destroy and scatter the flock of my pasture (Jer 23:1).”

The second character of a good shepherd is he knows well his sheep and call them by name. I used to think that “calling sheep by name” is just exaggerated metaphorical language to show shepherd care to his sheep, but later on, I discover “calling by name” actually literally happens. The sheep in Judea are raised both for wool and for sacrifice. Especially those intended for wool production, the shepherd shall live together with his flock for years. No wonder if he knows well each sheep, its characters, and even its unique physical features. He will call them by name like ‘small-feet’ or ‘large-ears.’ Because of the intimate bond between the two, the sheep were so familiar with the voice of the shepherd and will listen whenever he calls them. It reminds me of our pet-dog in our house. Our family calls it “cipluk,” and my mother and young brother take good care of it. Thus, every time my mother or brother calls its name, cipluk hastens to approach them. Yet, every time I go home and try to call its name, cipluk just won’t give any attention!

The third and more important character is the good shepherd will lay down his life for his sheep. This character seems to be an exaggeration. Why would you die for your sheep? If we recognize that the shepherd has a strong bond with his sheep and takes good care of them, he will have no second thought in defending his sheep from that attack of dangerous predators and robbers. At times, the robbers simply outnumber the shepherd and mercilessly beat the courageous shepherd to the death. The shepherd literally lays down his life for the sheep. This is not uncommon happening in the time of Jesus in Palestine, and in fact, still happening in our time in some parts of the world.

To have the Good Shepherd as our Lord means that we belong to God intimately for better and for worse. He knows each one of us personally, and He will not abandon us when our lives face serious problems and dangers. He will not only care for us as long as we produce “wool,” but He continues to love us even we have not been good sheep. In fact, Jesus lays down His life on the cross, so that we, His sheep, may have life, a life to the fullest. Have we become a good sheep? Do we recognize His voice? Do we listen to Him? Do we truly follow Him?

Br. Valentinus Bayuhadi Ruseno, OP

My Flesh and My Bones

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Third Sunday of Easter [April 15, 2018] Luke 24:35-48

“Look at my hands and my feet, that it is I myself. Touch me and see, because a ghost does not have flesh and bones as you can see I have.” (Luke 24:39)

adoration
photo by Harry Setianto, SJ

We listen to the last story of risen Christ’s appearance to the disciples in the Gospel of Luke. His presences point to the fact that Jesus still has several missions to accomplish on earth before He ascends into heaven. Particularly in this episode, Jesus is out to dispel the disciples’ doubt on His bodily resurrection. Some disciples may have an idea that Jesus’ appearances are mere illusions as the disciples are coping with a terrible pain of losing and failure. Some others may think that it was just a disembodied spirit or a ghost that appeared like Jesus.

 

Jesus comes to them and proves that He is neither an illusion coming from their disciples’ mind nor a mere story concocted to give false hope. He shows them his hands and feet and eats a baked fish just like an ordinary and living man does. Even Jesus says that he possesses “flesh and bones.” The disciples who see and touch Jesus’ body would acclaim in their hearts, “This is, at last, the bone of my bones and the flesh of my flesh (Gen 2:23).” From this point, we begin to recognize that Jesus’ bodily resurrection is closely linked to the story of creation in the Book of Genesis.

If we go back to the story of human creation in Genesis 2, we read a beautiful image of God as a potter artist who fashioned humanity from clay with various details of perfection. God also gave the human life as He breathed His life-giving spirit. However, soon after creation, God said that it was not good for the human to be alone. He then made other animals, but no one was proven suitable companion for that human. Thus, God, acting like a surgeon, made the first human sleep, took the rib, and fashioned another human being. When Adam woke up and saw for the first time another being in his likeness, he shouted in joy, “This is, at last, the bone of my bones and the flesh of my flesh (Gen 2:23).” The story of human creation which is highly symbolic reaches its perfection in the creation of man and woman, and how they are going to be suitable and loving partners for each other.

Going back to Gospel of Luke, the story of the appearance of the risen Lord to the disciples turns to be a story of re-creation. After the disciples are disbanded, scattered and cowardly ran away, they are as weak as soil. Jesus gathers them together and fashions them once again as a community. After the disciples are hurt deeply and defeated, they are like a clay pot shattered into pieces. Jesus comes to breathe His Spirit and to bring healing and true peace. After the disciples are disoriented and lost meaning, they are like the lonely and incomplete first Adam. Jesus, the second Adam, continues to love them, and thus, restores their purpose, and fills what is fundamentally lacking in them. Being re-created, the disciples now are suitable partners of Jesus in bringing the message of resurrection and the gospel of love to wounded humanity.

Each one of us is wounded and struggles with many issues. Despite our good effort to become a good Christian, we acknowledge we are as weak as clay. We have been unfaithful to the Lord and each other. The risen Christ does not lose hope in us. He gathers us once again as His people, and in the Eucharist, He shows us His true “flesh and blood.” Partaking in Jesus’ resurrected body means that despite our fragile nature and weaknesses, we have been re-created as His suitable partners to bring the message of hope and fulfill the mission of love. Only in risen Christ, we find our true fulfillment, yet in being one in Jesus means we also continue loving as He loves us to the end.

Br. Valentinus Bayuhadi Ruseno, OP

 

Jesus’ Shalom

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Second Sunday of Easter (Divine Mercy Sunday) [April 8, 2018] John 20:19-31

“Jesus came and stood in their midst and said to them, “Peace be with you.”  (Jn. 20:19)

jesus n people
photo by Harry Setianto SJ

Fear is a natural and basic human emotion. Fear plays an important role in human survival because it alerts us of impending dangers or evil, and moves us to avoidance. The science of anatomy would locate the source of this emotion inside our amygdala, a primitive part of our brain that we share with other animals. Yet, unlike animals that simply flee in the presence of a predator, with our complex brain, we also face a complex kind of fear as we perceive a complex meaning of danger. We do not only fear predators, but we fear also losing our jobs, sickness, and our terror teachers or bosses. We are afraid of height (acrophobia), of small spaces (claustrophobia), and even of banana (Bananaphobia)! Because of our superior mind, our fear is even enlarged as we can anticipate far away dangers or even that does not exist yet. This creates anxiety and worriedness.

 

In the Gospel, we discover that Jesus’ disciples are afraid. They fear the “Jews.” They may be accused of stealing the body of Jesus by the Roman soldiers and Jewish authorities who discover the empty tomb. Or, simply the disciples are anxious about their future, of what will be of them after the death and the news of Jesus’ resurrection. Shall they disband themselves, go back to their former way lives, or shall they remain together? Will Jesus come and get even with them? Overcome by fear and uncertainty, they lock themselves. They are paralyzed, their hearts shrink, and they glue themselves to safe yet fragile things. Like the disciples, fear freezes us and lock us in our comfort zone. Fear of getting hurt, we stop loving. Fear of failures, we no longer pursue our dreams. Fear of being manipulated, we refuse to help others. Fear of betrayal, we shun commitments.

However, fear does not have the last say. Despite the locked room, the Lord enters in their midst. The first word He says is Peace, in Hebrew, “Shalom.” Then, Jesus shows his wounds to them, a proof that He is truly Jesus, their teacher, who was crucified and risen. Seeing the Lord, joy explodes in their hearts, and they fear no more. Jesus’ Shalom is powerful and empowering. Jesus’ Shalom gives inner strength in the face of uncertain future. Jesus’ Shalom gives the courage to embrace sufferings and trials.

Jesus is truly risen and appears to the disciples, but this does not change the disciples’ situations. Their future remains uncertain. The hostile Jewish authorities still attempt to shut them down. The Roman soldiers may arrest them. They do not know yet how to sustain their small community. Their situations remain bleak, but one thing has changed. They are no longer afraid. With His Shalom in their hearts, Jesus breathes His Holy Spirit on them and sends them on a mission to forgive. As they have been forgiven and received mercy, they become the missionaries of peace, as they bring forgiveness to others. As the stone door of the tomb cannot stop the risen Lord, now the locked doors cannot hinder the empowered disciples.

Jesus’ Shalom is the grace of resurrection for all of us. True that our situations and problems do not change much, but fear can no longer freeze us. We are called to go out from our locked rooms and become the missionaries of peace and mercy. Despite the pain, failure, and frustration, we continue to love, serve and commit because this is who we are, the people who have received Jesus’ Shalom, God’s mercy and the Holy Spirit. We are not afraid because we are Easter People!

Br. Valentinus Bayuhadi Ruseno, OP

Resurrection and Love

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Easter Sunday [April 1, 2018] John 20:1-10

… he saw and believed (Jn. 20:8)

light and child
photo by Harry Setianto, SJ

Today is the Easter morn! Today is the day the Lord has risen! Today is the day death has been defeated! Today is the day of resurrection! Yet, how do we understand Jesus’ resurrection and our resurrection? What does it mean when we say that death has been conquered?

 

We all know that we are going to die. We just do not know when, where and how, but we are sure that death will come. We remain anxious and afraid of the reality of suffering and death. It seems that death has not been defeated? It is true that sometimes death can be a liberation. A pious lady in her fifties once told a priest that she prayed that the Lord would take her when she was still beautiful. Then, the priest remarked, “How come you are still here!”

The usual occasion preachers speak of resurrection is the funeral mass! The resurrection has become a kind of pain reliever for the bereaved families and relatives. We are assured that the death of our beloved ones is not the final destiny. There is the blissful afterlife waiting, and we shall join our Lord in the resurrection. Though our preachers speak the consoling truth, the way we preach it tends to reduce the eternal life as a permanent retirement place, and the resurrection as extremely remote reality. Another priest once admitted that he was not that handsome, and thus he planned that in the day of resurrection, he would quickly snatch the body of handsome Canadian singer, Justin Bieber! The resurrection is only good for the dead, and it does not mean much for us the living. But, resurrection is really for all of us, here and now.

Going back to the first resurrection in the garden, no Gospel describes how the resurrection takes place. It simply cannot. Yet, there is an empty tomb, and Jesus’ body is missing. Peter is greatly puzzled. Mary Magdalene is weeping bitterly. Only one disciple understands. He is the disciple who loves dearly Jesus and whom Jesus loves. Despite death and emptiness, love endures. Through the eyes of love, the disciple is able to see the resurrection.

Love and its relation to the resurrection go back to the story of human creation in the book of Genesis. We are created in the image of God (Gen 1:26). If God is love (1 Jn 4:8), then we are made in the image of love. More than other creatures, we are designed with the ability to love and to receive love. Not only having the ability to love one another, our nature is even gifted with the ability to be loved by God and to love God. No other creation on earth is able to participate in this most beautiful love affair with the Lord. Unfortunately, sin destroys this love relationship with God and seriously damages our ability to love and be loved. The history of humankind turns to be the history of sins, suffering, and death. Husband and wife hurt each other, brothers kill each other, men exploit women, women sell their children, and men destroy nature. We need redemption.

Out of His immense love, God becomes man so that He may begin His work of redemption. This redemption culminates in Jesus’ resurrection. One of the greatest graces of resurrection is our ability to love God and to receive God’s love is restored. Thus, John the Beloved Disciple is able to see through the empty tomb and believe in the risen Lord. Just as the grace of resurrection heals John, so the same grace heal us and restore our ability to love God. In the midst of emptiness of life, we are empowered to see the risen Lord. Despite the absurdity of life, we are enabled to transform our sorrows and pains into the opportunity to love more and serve better. Despite pain and death, love endures.

Blessed Easter! Happy Resurrection!

Br. Valentinus Bayuhadi Ruseno, OP

 

Ups and Downs of Life

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Palms Sunday of the Lord’s Passion [March 25, 2018] Mark 11:1-10; Mk 14:1—15:47

“Though he was in the form of God…Rather, he emptied himself, taking the form of a slave…” (Phil. 2:6-7)

friends
photo by Harry Setianto, SJ

We are celebrating the Palm Sunday of the Lord’s Passion. In today’s celebration, we have the only liturgical celebration in which two different Gospel readings are read. The first Gospel, usually read outside the Church, is about the triumphal entry of Jesus into Jerusalem, and the second Gospel narrates the Passion of Jesus Christ. Reflecting on the two readings, we listen to two different and even opposing themes: triumph and defeat. These are two fundamental themes, not only in the life of Jesus, but in our lives as well.

 

The triumphal entry into Jerusalem represents our times of success and great joy. It is when we achieve something precious in our lives. These are moments like when we accomplish our studies, when we gain new and promising work, or when we welcome the birth of a family’s newest member. These are the “Up” events of life. While the Passion story speaks of times of defeat and great sorrow. It is when we experience great losses in our lives. There are moments like when we fail decisive examinations or projects, whenwe lose our jobs, or we experience death in the family. These are the “Down” events of life. Passing through these Upsand Downs of life, Jesus teaches us valuable lessons.  In times of triumph, like Jesus riding on the colt, we are challenged to remain humble and grateful. In moments of defeat, like Jesus who embraces His sufferings, we are invited to patiently bear these moments and offer them to the Lord.

However, there is something more than this. If we read the second reading from the letter of Paul to the Philippians (2:6-11), we listen to one of the most beautiful hymns in the New Testament that affirms both the divinity and humanity of Christ. If we believe that Jesus is God become man , then God does not only give us success or allow us to undergo suffering but in Jesus, God experiences what it means to be successful as well as to fail. This point is a radical departure from an image of God that is distant yet controlling, or a kind of a teddy bear that we can hug during crying moments, or a trophy we can parade in our victorious time. Our God is one with us in all our experience of joy and sadness, of triumph and defeat.

In the Book of Genesis chapter 3, we read the first story of human failure. Adam and Eve were deceived by the serpent and disobeyed God. It is true that our first parents failed God, and they had to leave the Garden of Eden. Yet, God did not cease to care for them. God made them garments of skin to cloth them, as to cover their nakedness and give them protection. God prepared them to face the harsh life outside the Garden. However, there is something even more remarkable. After Genesis 3, we will never read again about the Garden and what happens inside, but rather the stories of Adam, Eve and their descendants. Why? Because God did not choose to stay in the Garden, and just watch things through a giant LCD monitor, but rather He followed our first parents and walked with them. He accompanied them, struggled with them, cried with them and shared their happiness. Truly, the Bible is a book about God and His people.

As we enter the Holy Week, may we find time to reflect: How is God sharing in our ups and downs? Have we become a good companion to our friends in their ups and downs? Do we accompany Jesus in his way of the cross and resurrection?

Br. Valentinus Bayuhadi Ruseno, OP

Die and Live

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Fifth Sunday of Lent [March 18, 2018] John 12:20-33

“Amen, amen, I say to you, unless a grain of wheat falls to the ground and dies, it remains just a grain of wheat; but if it dies, it produces much fruit. (Jn. 12:24)”

seedling
by Harry Setianto SJ

The hour of Jesus’ suffering and death has come. Jesus knows well that Jewish leaders want him dead, and there is no other punishment worse than crucifixion. Yet, Jesus does not see His suffering and death as defeat and shame, but in fact, it is the opposite. His crucifixion shall be the hour that He will be glorified and draw all men and women to Himself. It is the moment of victory because Jesus sees Himself as a grain of wheat that falls to the ground and dies, and then bears many fruits. It is not a kind of positive thinking technique to vilify the suffering or a pep talk to ignore the pain, but rather Jesus chooses to embrace it fully and make it meaningful and fruitful.

 

In the theological level, Jesus’ suffering, death, and resurrection are the summits of the work of redemption, our salvation. Jesus is the resurrection and life so that whoever knows and believes in Him may have the eternal life. Jesus’ choice of a grain of wheat, a basic material for making bread, may allude to the sacrament of the Eucharist through which Jesus gives the fullness of Himself to us in the form of a bread. Thus, through our participation in the Eucharist, we share this fruit of salvation.

However, through His sacrifice and death, Jesus also offers us a radical way to live this life. Truly, there is nothing wrong in pursuing wealth, success and power because these are also gifts from God and necessary for our survival and growth. Yet, when we are too captivated by these alluring things, and make other things and people simply tools to gain these, we choose to live the way of the world. Since the dawn of humanity, the world has offered us an inward-looking and self-seeking way of life. It is “Me First,” my success, my happiness at the expense of others and nature. Some people exploit nature and steal other people’s hard-earned money to enrich themselves. Some objectify and abuse even their family members, people under their care, just to have an instant pleasure. Some others manipulate their co-workers or friends to have more power for themselves. These are precisely what the world offers. These are good as far as they fulfill our transitory needs as a human being, but when we make them as the be-all and end-all, we begin losing our lives. Science calls this effect the hedonic treadmill: We work hard, advance, so we can afford more and nicer things, and yet this doesn’t make us any happier. We fail to find what truly makes us human and alive, and despite breathing, we already dying.  As Jesus says, “Whoever loves his life, loses it (Jn 12:25).”

Paradoxically, it is in dying to ourselves and in giving ourselves, our lives to others that we may find life and bear fruits. Sometimes, we need to offer our lives literally.  St. Maximillian Kolbe offered his life in exchange for a young man who had children in the death camp Auschwitz. Later Pope John Paul II canonized him and declared him as a martyr of charity. Not all of us are called to make the ultimate sacrifice like St. Maximillian, and we can die to ourselves in our little things, and give ourselves for others in simple ways. The questions then for us: how are we going to die to ourselves? How shall we give ourselves to others? What makes our lives fruitful for ourselves and others?

Br. Valentinus Bayuhadi Ruseno, OP

Photo by Harry Setianto SJ

Beholding the Crucified Christ

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Fourth Sunday of Lent [March 11, 2018] John 3:14-21

“Just as Moses lifted up the serpent in the desert, so must the Son of Man be lifted up, (Jn. 3:14)”

beholding cross
photo by Harry Setianto, SJ

As early as chapter 3 of the Gospel of John, Jesus is aware that he is going to suffer and die on the cross. The crucifixion is the worst kind of punishment in the ancient time. It is reserved for the rebels and foulest criminals. For the Jews, death on the tree is considered accursed by God Himself (Deu 21:22-23). By dying on the cross, Jesus may be seen by Jewish contemporaries as an evil criminal, a great dishonor to the family and the nation, and an accursed by God.

 

However, Jesus sees His death on the cross, not in these horrible perspectives, but rather He likens himself to the bronze serpent lifted up by Moses in the desert. In the book of Numbers (21:4-9), the Israelites complain against the Lord and Moses in the desert. They particularly do not like the manna despite being freely and miraculously given by God. So, God sends serpents to punish the Israelites. When the Israelites repent, Moses lifts a bronze serpent on the pole, so those who behold it, will be healed from the snake’ bite and live. We notice that the serpent that becomes the instrument of punishment and death turns to be the instrument of healing and life. Like the serpent, the cross is originally a means of torture and death, but God transforms it into the means of forgiveness and salvation. Therefore, like the Israelites who see the bronze serpent, those who behold the crucified Jesus and believe in Him will have the eternal life.

The faith in the Crucified Man is fundamental in the life of every Christian. Yet, we, Catholics, seem to take this faith and Gospel verses pretty passionately. We do not only have faith in the Jesus Crucified; we literally behold Him on the cross.  In every church, we see the cross both inside and outside the building. In Catholic schools, hospitals, and homes, the crucifix (cross with the body) is hanging on practically every wall. The crucifix is also inseparable from our religious and liturgical activities. The General Instruction of the Roman Missal no. 270 even states, “There is to be a crucifix, clearly visible to the congregation, either on the altar or near it.” Our rosaries always begin with holding the crucifix and ends by kissing it. During the Way of the Cross, we literally genuflect before the cross, and proclaim, “We adore You, O Christ, and we praise you. Because, by Your holy cross, You have redeemed the world.” Even, during the exorcism rite, a priest finds the crucifix, especially St. Benedict’s cross, as a powerful means against the evil spirits. Finally, we make the sign of the cross every time we pray because we acknowledge that our salvation comes the Jesus Crucified.

Like the Israelites in the desert behold the bronze serpent, we too behold Jesus on the cross. As the Israelites are healed and live, we are also saved and have eternal life in the Son of Man that is lifted up on the cross. This Lenten season, we are invited once again to reflect the meaning of the cross in our lives. Is the cross a mere cute accessory or ornament? Is making the sign of the cross a meaningless repeated practice? Are we ashamed of the cross of Christ? What does it mean for us to be the men and women who behold the cross?

Br. Valentinus Bayuhadi Ruseno, OP

Business as Usual

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Third Sunday of Lent [March 4, 2018] John 2:13-25

“Take these out of here, and stop making my Father’s house a marketplace.” (Jn. 2:16}

inside the chuch
photo by Harry Setianto SJ

The presence of the animal vendors and money-changers in the Temple of Jerusalem comes out of practical necessity. When Jews from all over Palestine come to Jerusalem, especially during the important days like Passover, they will fulfill their religious obligation to offer their sacrifices in the Temple. Since it is impractical to bring a sacrificial animal like oxen, lambs, or turtledoves from their hometowns, the Jews prefer an easier solution by buying them in Jerusalem. It does not only save those Jewish pilgrims the hassle, but it gives the assurance also that the animals will be unblemished as the Law of Moses has prescribed. Therefore, many vendors have the authorization from the Temple elders that their animals are unblemished and ready for sacrifice. The Jews are also required to support the upkeep the Temple and the priests through so-called “Temple tax.” Yet, they are not allowed to pay the Temple tax with the Roman money because it bears the image of Caesar as a god, a blasphemy. Thus, they need to change their money with more acceptable currency. Here the role of money-changers comes in. It is a kind of win-win solution for the pilgrims, the vendors, and the Temple authorities. We could imagine that with so many people visiting the Temple, the business must be buzzing and thriving.

 

When Jesus comes and drives them all out of the Temple, surely it angers not only the vendors and the money-changers but also the Jewish authority and even ordinary Jewish pilgrims. The disappearance of this vendors and money-changers may mean that some people lose their earnings, some people find their profit disappear, and most people are irked by the inconveniences it causes. Jesus tells the reason behind his action, “the Jews making His Father’s house a marketplace.”  The very core of the Temple of Jerusalem is the encounter between God and his chosen people, between God the Father and His children, but with so many activities, trading, and noise, this essence of the Temple is lost. The Temple means usual business. The priests certify the sacrificial animals for the vendors, the vendors sell them to the pilgrims, and the pilgrims give the animals to the priests for the slaughter. Everyone goes home happy! Jesus’ action is to break this vicious cycle of “normalcy” that makes people’ worship shallow. Jesus criticizes the structure that exploits the Temple for mere profit and superficial fulfillment of religious obligation, and for making God’s house into the marketplace.

In this season of Lent, we ask ourselves, if Jesus comes to our church, diocese, parish, congregation, religious organization, and even our family, what will Jesus do? Will He drive us out like He drives out the vendors from the Temple? Or, will He make His home among you? Financial resources are important in helping our Church grow but do we not make the Church an income-generating institution? While the leadership structure is essential in the Church and our smaller groups, do we serve others, or exploit people? Do we find peace and joy in our communities, or are they full of intrigues, gossips, unhealthy competitions? Do encounter God in our Church, or simply find ourselves? We thank the Lord if we discover God, our Father, in our Church and community, but if we do not, we better call on Jesus to drive us away from His Father’s house.

Br. Valentinus Bayuhadi Ruseno, OP

 

Jesus, Moses, and Elijah

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Second Sunday of Lent [February 25, 2018] Mark 9:2-10

Then Elijah appeared to them along with Moses, and they were conversing with Jesus.  (Mk. 9:4)

kneeling
photo by Harry Setianto, SJ

We are entering the second Sunday of Lent, and we read from the Gospel that Jesus is transfigured before His three disciples on the mountain. We may wonder why the Church select this reading for the liturgical season of Lent. The season is associated with the atmosphere of repentance and mortification as we intensify our prayer, fasting, and abstinence. Yet, we have a reading that depicts a glorious moment of Jesus on earth, and this surely brings an extremely edifying experience for the three disciples. It does not seem really proper for this Lenten season. Does it?

 

When Jesus is transfigured, two great figures of Israel, Moses, and Elijah come and converse with Jesus. The two figures represent two foundations of Israelite religious life: the Law and the Prophet. Yet, looking closely at the stories of these great persons, we may discover some interesting facts. Moses sees the burning bush at the Mount Horeb and receives the holy name of God of Israel (Exo 3). He also fasts for 40 days before he receives the Law from God in the mount of Sinai (Exo 34:28). Elijah on his part fasts from food when he walks 40 days to see God in the mount of Horeb (1 King 19:8). Both climb a mountain to witness the presence of God and receive their missions there. Like them, Jesus fasts for 40 days in the desert and goes up to the mountain to listen to the affirming voice of His Father.

However, the holy mountain does not simply lead them to the blissful encounter with the Divine, but it also reveals their life-changing mission. In Horeb, Moses is to deliver Israel from the slavery of Egypt. As a consequence, he has to deal courageously with the ruthless and stubborn Pharaoh. Not only with Pharaoh, but Moses also has to bear with his own people, Israel who keep complaining and blaming Moses for bringing them out of Egypt. Elijah receives task to anoint Hazael as a king of Aram, Jehu as a king of Israel, and Elisha as a prophet. Going down the mountain also means Elijah has to once again face Ahab, the king of Israel, and his vengeful and violent queen, Jezebel. As Jesus is leaving the mountain, He lets His disciples know that He has to suffer and die on the cross. From the mount of transfiguration, Jesus begins His way of the cross and marches toward another mount, the Calvary.

With today’s Gospel, the Church reminds us that the transfiguration is intimately linked to Jesus’ passion and resurrection. Thus, it is properly placed within the context of Lent. Like Jesus and His disciples, we also have our moments of transfiguration. It is where we encounter God, and His presence fills us with joy. One friend shared his experience of an unexpected utter peacefulness when he visited the Blessed Sacrament. He visited the Adoration Chapel often, yet only that day, he encountered the Lord, so alive in his heart. It was the day when he lost his job, had a big quarrel with his wife, and his father got a serious illness. Though he wanted to linger forever in that experience, he then realized that he had to go back to his life and struggle with the problems. He has a mission, and he has to continue his way of the cross. We have our own transfiguration and allow this precious moment empower us to carry our daily crosses.

Br. Valentinus Bayuhadi Ruseno, OP

 

Fasting

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First Sunday of Lent [February 18, 2018] Mark 1:12-15

“The Spirit drove him out into the desert, and he remained in the desert for forty days… (Mk 1:12-13)”

small-groupThe practice of fasting is as old as humanity itself. People from different cultures and religions have included fasting in their customs and traditions. The Brahmin and gurus of Hindu tradition fast and mortify their bodies. The Buddhist monks are known to abstain from eating any meat and fast regularly. Our Muslim brothers and sisters fast even from drinking water from before the dawn to sunset during the month of Ramadan. Scientists have proven that fasting has a lot of health benefits.

People refrain themselves from taking food and water for certain period for different reasons and motives. Some fast to subdue the carnal desires and discipline themselves. Others find it as a way to attain wisdom and enlightenment. The others are to achieve healthy and balanced lives. Others still are required to fast as medical requirements or tests. I remember once my physician-friend requires me to fast for 6 to 8 hours before my blood was extracted for the laboratory examination.

As we enter the liturgical season of Lent, the Church instructs us to do fast and abstinence, and intensify our prayer. Yet, compared to other traditions, our fasting is considered to be very light. We are only required to fast for two days, the Ash Wednesday and the Good Friday. The way we fast also is not that difficult. We are enjoined to take only one full meal within the day. Yet, why do we, Christians, have to fast? Why does the Church want us to commit ourselves to this ancient practice?

One reason is we follow the example of the great prophets before us. Moses fasts for 40 days before he receives the Law from God in the mount of Sinai (Exo 34:28). Elijah on his part fasts from food when he walks 40 days to see God in the mount of Horeb (1 King 19:8). Finally, Jesus Himself goes to the desert and fasts for 40 days in the desert just before He commences His public ministry. Why do these great persons in our faith fast? If we carefully notice, Moses and Elijah fast because they prepare themselves to see the Lord. Like them, our fasting, as simple as they may be, is linked fundamentally to our journey towards God. Often we are so proud of ourselves, feeling self-sufficient because we have achieved and accumulated a lot in our lives. Fasting makes us hunger and weak, and once again we are getting in touch with our vulnerability as human beings. It reminds us our finitude. Yet, when we feel powerless, it is the time when we realize our radical dependence on God, our true strength. Indeed being truly human is being truly connected to God, the source of our humanity and life. Fasting becomes a good means to purify our hearts to see God because only “the pure hearts can see the Lord (Mat 5:8).”

We also observe that Moses, Elijah, and Jesus fast just before they begin their big missions. Moses receives the Law and teaches it to the Israelites. Elijah is to anoint Hazael as a king of Aram, Jehu as a king of Israel, and Elisha as a prophet. Jesus is to begin His public ministry that will lead Him to the cross and resurrection, our salvation. Our fasting prepares us for our true mission as Christians. Often, we are busy with so many things, and fasting helps us to re-orient and re-focus ourselves on the mission God has given us. Reminded of our limited time here on earth, what are things that are truly important in our lives? Reminded of our mortal body, have we given enough time and effort to our missions? Is our fasting bringing us closer to God and our mission?

Br. Valentinus Bayuhadi Ruseno, OP