Tag: English

Forty Days in the Wilderness

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First Sunday of Lent [B]

February 21, 2021

Mark 1:12-15

Why did Jesus have to stay in the wilderness for 40 days? The answer is not difficult. He was reperforming what the Israelites did when they were liberated from Egypt. The Israelites stayed for 40 years in the wilderness before they entered the promised land. Yet, there is one more thing! Mark gives us a small, however important detail: in the wilderness, Jesus was staying with the beasts. Why so? If there is one man closely connected to the beasts in the scriptures, he is no other than Adam. Jesus is the new Israel who endured the harsh conditions of the desert and the new Adam who faced the onslaught of the devil.

Jesus entered the wilderness for forty days, and He was tested there by the harsh conditions of the Judean desert. Not only facing the barrenness of the desert, but Jesus was also confronting the devil himself. From here alone, we can draw a strong connection between the Israelites in the wilderness and Jesus, as well as Adam and Jesus. Like the old Israel who struggled with their own ego, Jesus was also enduring human weakness. Like Adam was facing the tempter, the devil tempted Jesus. However, there are significant differences.

While the Israelites murmured and complained, Jesus faithfully fasted and prayed. While the Israelites were grumbling for the food and Adam ate the forbidden fruit, Jesus rejected Satan’s temptation to change stone to bread. While the Israelites were losing faith and worshipping the demon in the form of the golden calf, and Adam wanted to be like God, Jesus refused to bow down to the devil despite all the worldly glory it offered. While the Israelites losing hope in the promised land and Adam blamed the woman, Jesus remained steadfast and refused to test God. Jesus is the new Israel and the new Adam. While the old Israel faltered and Adam succumbed to the trials and temptations, Jesus emerged victorious. Jesus corrected and perfected ancient Israel and old Adam.

We are the body of Christ, and we are part of the new Israel. As Jesus enters the wilderness, so we are going to our spiritual battle. However, we can only become triumphant when we are holding on to God and participating in Christ. The devil is much stronger than us, and without God, we march for sure defeat.

How are we going to win against this spiritual battle? Jesus gives us the answer: fasting-abstinence, almsgiving, and prayer. Fasting makes us hungry, yet it makes us realize that not all our bodily desires need to be fulfilled immediately. Almsgiving may hurt our pockets, but it opens us to the truth that we live meaningfully by giving, not hoarding things. Prayer may be a waste of time, but it offers us the most fundamental reality that we are nothing without God. We are part of the new Adam and the new Israel, and only in Him, we achieve our real victory.

 

Valentinus Bayuhadi Ruseno, OP

photo credit: nathan-mcbride

Leprosy

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Sixth Sunday in Ordinary Time [B]

February 14, 2021

Mark 1:40-45

Leprosy in the time of Jesus is not only physically and mentally deadly, but also spiritually incapacitating. Leprosy or currently known as the Hansen’s disease is horrifying sickness because it does not kill the person slowly, but it gradually deforms and incapacitates the person. The bacteria cause terrible damage in peripheral nervous to the point that the person is no longer feeling the sensation, especially pain. Without this sensation, the person fails to recognize and avoid bodily injuries. Losing limbs is shared among the victims with advanced stages of leprosy.

Since the sickness was incurable and highly contagious in ancient time, it was a natural reaction for the people to exclude the infected persons from the community. We can imagine the effects of exclusion suffered by the victims. They were cut from the bare necessities, separated from their family and friends, and aware that they will die a horrible death. People could quickly become insane. This awareness that they would not survive outside society pushes the people with leprosy to gather and form their community. Thus, lepers’ colonies were deemed a practical solution to support one another in the face of the bleak reality of life.

In the Jewish context, skin diseases, especially leprosy, are about biological and mental problems, but it is a religious issue. The Book of Leviticus states that people with certain skin diseases, including leprosy, have to present themselves to the priest and have their bodies examined. The priest may declare that persons as unclean. After the verdict, the persons have to go out from the community, wear rent cloth, and let their hair dishevel. These become visible signs that they are with contagious diseases and unclean. Yet, if a person remains going closer to them, they shall shout, “Unclean! Unclean!” This is to make sure healthy and clean persons will not come nearer. Being declared unclean means the person is not fit for the religious service and cannot enter the holy ground like the temple. Thus, for a Jew who contracted leprosy, he was excluded physically and mentally and religiously. The sickness also cut them from God they serve and worship.

In the Gospel, we see the leper who took the initiative to approach Jesus, thus breaking the most fundamental prohibition to stay away from people and God. The leper’s request was not to be healed, but rather to be ‘clean.’ The deepest desire of this leper is not physical healing, but to worship his God. The real healing comes only when we can approach and worship the true God. Looking at his courage and deepest longing, Jesus was moved by pity and made him clean.

The leper in the Gospel teaches us a lot about the genuine desire for healing. Perhaps, many of us look for God because we wish to be cured of diseases, seek financial success, or free from other problems. Yet, we seldom desire to see God because we want to be healed spiritually, liberated from sins, and be one with Him. The Gospel teaches us that true healing is more than physical health and economic stability, but the union with God.

Valentinus Bayuhadi Ruseno, OP

Photocredit: Claudio Schwartz

Jesus, Healer of Our Souls

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Fifth Sunday in Ordinary Time [B]

February 7, 2021

Mark 1:29-39

Jesus cannot be separated from His healing ministries. Some of the healings are remarkable, like the healing of a woman with the hemorrhage and Jarius’ daughter [Mark 5:321-43]. They are astonishing because these are practically impossible cases. The woman has suffered for twelve years without sign of hope, and Jarius’ daughter is as good as dead. Yet, Jesus does heal not only those with grave illness but also those with curable sickness.

Jesus is at the house of Simon, and He discovers that Simon’s mother-in-law has a fever. Fever is a symptom that points to an infection, from ordinary flu to covid-19. In the case of Simon’s mother-in-law, we can safely assume that she has a curable sickness. Without proper rest and treatment, she will get back to her usual activities. Yet, despite this fact, and even without a particular request from the person, Jesus decides to heal her anyway. Jesus understands that sickness, no matter insignificant it is, remains improper in our lives. To be a healthy person is God’s plan for us.

If we see our lives, we quickly recognize that getting sick is part of our life. Sickness becomes a constant reminder that our bodies are limited and fragile. Indeed, we have an immune system, but often this potent protection is not enough. With the pandemic caused by covid-19, we realize that human beings are not powerful as we think. As we struggle to find the cures, the virus, bacteria, and other sickness causes are also evolving and getting deadlier. The illness causes pain and suffering, and these weaknesses remind us of our death. Yet, despite this realization, deep down, we know that sickness is not the real deal, and it is a privation rather than perfection. We desire to be healthy. We fight to be healthy, and only by being healthy, we may achieve our potentials.

This is why we go to the doctors if we are sick, hit the gym, do other exercises, and live a healthy lifestyle. It is the same reason that the persons with the gift of healing are sought for. It is the same reason that many people want to see Jesus. 

We may ask, why does not Jesus heal all of us? The answer might not be that simple, but we can say that Jesus first comes to heal our broken relationship with God. He saves us from our sins. His miraculous healings are signs of this redemption. Even in His providential way, God can use our illness and suffering to make us even spiritually closer to Him. St. Dominic de Guzman is known to have very rigid mortification practices, and a witness said that a cord of chains was tied in his tight and just removed when he died. Mortification is one of the favorites ways of the saints to seek God. They do not want that their healthy bodies become a hindrance to seek God. Meanwhile, Beato Carlo Acutis, who got sick of leukemia, a severe illness that eventually took his life, offered his suffering to the Lord. He said, “I offer all the suffering I will have to suffer for the Lord, for the Pope, and the Church.”

Jesus brings us healing to our souls and bodies. Yet, in His providential care, our bodily weakness can lead us even closer to God.

Valentinus Bayuhadi Ruseno, OP

photo credit: jonathan-borba

Jesus and Exorcism

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Fourth Sunday in Ordinary Time [B]

January 31, 2021

Mark 1:21-28

Jesus performed His first exorcism in the Gospel of Mark. Reading the context, we discover that Jesus was teaching in the synagogue, and the people recognized Him teaching with authority. When Jesus taught with authority, it does not merely mean He preached with eloquence and chrism, but His teachings manifested in powerful signs, like healings and exorcism.

The word exorcism is usually understood as expelling the evil spirits or demons from a person possessed or a place infected. Unfortunately, because of Hollywood movies’ influence, the understanding of exorcism has been corrupted, deformed, and even ridiculed. Yet, the Catholic Church, exorcism is rooted in Jesus Christ Himself.

The literal meaning of ‘exorcism’ is to ‘bind with an oath.’ Then, how did this word become related to evil spirits? When we swear an oath, we need to invoke a higher being as the guarantor of our promise. Naturally, an oath is to say a pledge by invoking the Lord Himself as a witness. In the context of exorcism, the priest-exorcist will invoke the name of God to bind the demons and send them ‘at the feet of the cross of Jesus’ for the judgment. There is no genuine and effective exorcism without invoking the name and power of the true God.

What is interesting is that Jesus drove out demons without invoking the name of God. He said, “Quiet, come out of him!” Jesus was exorcising with His authority, and the demons obeyed Him because they recognized His divine power. The demons also acknowledge Jesus not as Messiah or the king of the Jews, but as ‘the Holy One of God.’ If we go back to the Old Testament, this particular title refers to Israel’s high priest. “… Aaron, the holy one of the Lord… [Psa 106:16].” The demons revealed another dimension of Jesus’ identity: He is the high priest. From this truth, we may conclude that exorcism is a priestly duty.

Participating in the high priestly office of Jesus, the bishops are the chief exorcists in their dioceses. We remember that bishops are high priests in their respective dioceses. Each bishop then may appoint and delegate some well-trained priests to become exorcists. I was fortunate to meet and discuss many things with Fr. Jose Syquia, an exorcist of the Archdiocese of Manila.

However, we must not forget that we also share in the priesthood of Jesus Christ because of our baptism. So, we also have authority over the evil spirits. As laity, we are allowed to say specific prayers of deliverance when we feel extraordinary presence and activities of the evil spirits. The prayer to St. Michael, the archangel, is most recommended for the laity. Yet, we must not forget that the evil spirits work in very subtle ways, primarily through temptations to sin. Often, without realizing it, we are already under the control of the devil as we live a life full of vices. This is our daily war against the kingdom of Satan, and we cannot win without invoking the name of Jesus, constant prayers, the sacraments, and the help of the Church.

 

Valentinus Bayuhadi Ruseno, OP

We are Fishers of Men

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3rd Sunday in Ordinary Time [B]

January 24, 2021

Mark 1:14-20

We once again listen to the story of the calling of the first disciples: Simon and Andrew, as well as James and John, the sons of Zebedee. Jesus called them, and He would make them ‘the fishers of men.’ Yet, from countless possibilities of professions and occupations, why did they have to be ‘the fishers of men’? Why not merely Jesus’ promotion team? Why not Jesus’ soldiers?

The answer is not far from who the first disciples were. They were fishermen of Galilee. Yet, this time, they were no longer catching fish but gathering people for Christ. While they left almost everything behind and followed Jesus, they brought their lives, characters, experiences, and skills with them. They remained fishermen, but this time Jesus transformed the object of their catch: men and women.

The second reason why they were called ‘fishers of men’ is even more profound. It speaks of the fulfillment of the Old Testament’s prophesy. The great prophet Jeremiah who lived around 500 years before Christ, once said, “For I will bring them back to their land that I gave to their ancestors. I am now sending for many fishermen, says the Lord, and they shall catch them… [Jer 16:15-16].” The historical context of this prophecy is critical. After Salomon’s reign, the kingdom of Israel was divided into two smaller kingdoms. The northern kingdom was the coalition of 10 tribes, and the southern kingdom was the tribe, Judah and Benjamin. In 721 SM, the northern kingdom was destroyed by the Assyrian empire, and the ten tribes were deported to foreign lands. Then in 587 SM, the southern kingdom was demolished by the Babylonian empire, and the inhabitants were brought to the Babylonian lands. Jeremiah prophesied that God would bring back the scattered Israelites by sending ‘fishermen.’

By calling His first disciples as ‘fishers of men,’ Jesus was fulfilling Jeremiah’s prophecy. Jesus was gathering back the lost tribes of Israelites to Himself as the new Israel. This is why Jesus called and chose twelve apostles. The twelve apostles shall serve as the leaders of the new twelve tribes of Israel.

The identity and mission as ‘fishers of men’ are primarily for the apostles, yet every baptized Christians are sharing in this identity. We are fishers of men and women for Christ. Some of us may be called to get a quantity gain, like a priest who baptized thousands of people. Some of us may be invited to have a quantity yield, like parents who raise and educate their children as mature and responsible Catholics. Some of us stand in between these two kinds of catches, like zealous catechists, courageous lay missionaries, faithful religious sisters who take care of schools or orphanages, or indefatigable community leaders.

Surely to be a fisherman is not a stress-free job. Sometimes, we are facing storms and dangers. Sometimes, we are getting nothing after our best effort. Occasionally, we get in a disagreement with our fellow fishermen. However, the Gospel reminds us that we are not fishermen because we are good, but because Jesus calls us and makes us His fishermen. We draw our purpose and strength from Jesus because we are participating in Jesus’ mission to gather people to Himself. We are working together with apostles to fulfill God’s promise of the New Israel. We are the fishers of men.

Valentinus Bayuhadi Ruseno, OP

photocredit: paolo-nicolello

Jesus, Our Lamb of God

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2nd Sunday of Ordinary Time [B]

January 17, 2021

John 1:35-42

John the Baptist identified Jesus as the ‘Lamb of God.’ If we are attending the celebration of the Eucharist, we cannot miss hearing this phrase. Just before the communion, the priest will hold the consecrated bread and wine, and present them to the faithful, then saying, “Behold the Lamb of God, Behold Him who takes away the sin of the world. Happy are those invited to the supper of the Lamb!”

I am a cradle Catholic, and I could no longer remember when I heard this Lamb of God for the first time. Yet, I never bother asking why Jesus is called such because it does not make much sense. Perhaps, it is just another fancy title of Jesus. I gradually learn this beautiful truth as I go deeper into my theology study and scriptures.

If we put ourselves in the shoes of the disciples who were living in the first century Palestine, we will see a lot more going on. When the disciples heard ‘the Lamb of God who takes away the sin of the world,” they quickly understood. It was undoubtedly mind-blowing, but they were expecting to hear that.

Firstly, a lamb was a primarily sacrificial animal in the Jerusalem temple. Every day lambs were slaughtered and offered to God. Especially during the feast day of Passover, thousands of lambs were brought to the Temple and sacrificed. It was a massive display of devotion to behold. Though the lamb’s sacrifice is not the only way to worship the true God, it serves as the ordinary way of worship. By calling Jesus the Lamb of God, we acknowledge that God’s true worship takes place in Jesus.

Secondly, one of the most important Jewish feasts is Passover. It celebrates the freedom from the slavery of God. One of the central features of this celebration is the sacrificed lamb. The Book Exodus gives the details of how the Passover has to be commemorated. An unblemished one-year-old lamb has to be slaughtered. Its blood was placed on the Jewish household doorpost, and its roasted body shall be eaten [see Exo 12]. To accept Jesus as the Lamb of God, we recognize that the sacrifice and blood of Jesus save us, and we need to eat also His body.

Thirdly, one prophesy that connects a person, and a lamb is from Isaiah. The great prophet spoke about the mysterious figure of ‘suffering servant of God.’ This man shall redeem Israel, but He has to endure great suffering and death, despite being innocent.  The prophet wrote, “He was oppressed, and he was afflicted, yet he did not open his mouth; like a lamb that is led to the slaughter… [Isa 53:7].” By receiving Jesus as the Lamb of God, we accept Jesus as our Redeemer who has to suffer and die for us.

Now, we have recognized Jesus as the Lamb of God; we need to do like the first disciples did: they remained with Him. The disciples did not merely know and accept Jesus, but they followed and stayed with Him. It is not enough for us to see Jesus as the Lamb, but we are invited to remain with Him, to become His true disciples.

Valentinus Bayuhadi Ruseno, OP

photo credit: Daniel Sandvik

Baptism and the Cross

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Baptism of the Lord

January 10, 2021

Mark 1:7-11

Baptism of the Lord is one of the defining moments in the life of Jesus. The synoptic gospels [Matthew, Mark, and Luke] writes this event, though with their own perspective and emphasis. We are in the liturgical year B, and thus, we are listening from the Gospel of Mark. Mark’s version is noticeably the shortest, but it does not mean it does not deliver a powerful message. The Baptism of Jesus in the River Jordan is a turning point in Jesus’ life. After this Jesus will be in the desert for 40 days, tempted by the devil, but he will prevail. Then, from this, Jesus will begin His public ministry and unreservedly move toward Jerusalem, to Cross, Death, and Resurrection.

Often, we ask, “why should John baptize Jesus?” We are well aware that John’s baptism is an outward sign of inner repentance. If a person repents, it means that the person has been living a sinful life. Does it mean that Jesus is a sinful man, He asks for John’s baptism? Surely, Jesus who is God, is perfectly sinless, but the question remains, “why should Jesus be baptized?”  Mark does not give us a straight answer, yet the Church offers us the reason. Catechism of the Catholic Church states, “The baptism of Jesus is on his part the acceptance and inauguration of his mission as God’s suffering Servant. He allows himself to be numbered among sinners… Already he is anticipating the “baptism” of his bloody death… [CCC 536].”

Simply put, Jesus’ baptism speaks of this solidarity with us sinners, and this solidarity does not stop in the symbolic baptism of John, but this will find its fulfillment in the cross. As sinners, we deserve to die, but it is God who dies for us. The Church’s answer is beautiful, but is it truly in the mind of the evangelists, especially Mark?

When Jesus is baptized, Mark describes the sky as ‘torn apart’ and a voice came, “You are my Son, the Beloved…” The Greek word for ‘tearing apart’ is ‘schizo,’ and the same word is employed again by Mark when he recounts the happening in the Temple when Jesus died on the cross: the giant curtain that separates the holy place and the holiest place inside the Jerusalem temple [see 15:38]. Meanwhile, Mark also recounts a Roman centurion proclaims that Jesus is truly the Son of God, after witnessing remarkable events during Jesus’ death. From here, we can draw an interesting insight. With this basic pattern between what happens in baptism and in the cross, Mark is telling us that these two events are indeed related. The Baptism points to the Cross, and the Cross is the fulfillment of the Baptism.

It reveals the reason why the Father is so ‘so well pleased with His Son.’ The reason is through baptism, Jesus signals to all of us His eagerness to do His Father’s will. Though Jesus is sinless, He takes up our burden of sin and dies for us as proof of the Father’s love for us.

If in His baptism, Jesus accepts the cross, we, as the baptized Christians, are also called to carry our crosses. As we share Christ’s cross and carry it faithfully, we can hope to love radically. As we love deeply, we may hope for our salvation.

 

Valentinus Bayuhadi Ruseno, OP

Holy Families

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Feast of the Holy Family [B]

December 27, 2020

Luke 2:22-40

We are celebrating the feast of the Holy Family, and indeed, we are celebrating not only the family of Jesus, Mary, and Joseph but every human family. Through this liturgical celebration, the Church is inviting us to recognize the importance and the value of our family. Not only acclaiming the fundamental worth of family, but we are also invited to embrace and celebrate family lives.

At a human level, many social experts have understood that healthy and thriving societies begin in robust families. The families do not only fill the communities with human populations, but they provide an environment where children can grow into physically and psychologically mature men and women. A healthy and mature adult turns to be an asset to society.

From the perspective of faith, the Church always considers family as the basic unit of society and the Church herself. In his apostolic exhortation, Familiaris Consortio, Pope St. John Paul II affirmed the family’s fundamental role as the intimate community of life and love. In the family, husband and wife learn to love each other deeper and deeper every day. In the family, parents offer unconditional and sacrificial love for their children. In the family, the children learn to give honor and respect to their parents and their brothers and sisters. Because only in love, human persons find their true fulfillment as God’s image who is Love.

The Scriptures also give premium to family life. To honor our mother and father is one of the Torah’s highest commandments [Exo 20:]. Sirach even claimed that honoring our parents can atone for our sins [Sir 3:3]. St. Paul himself, in his letter to the Colossians, instructed each member of the family on how to behave [see Col 3:12-21].

Yet, going back to Jesus, we discover that for Him, a family is indeed indispensable. As God, Jesus could have come to us directly from heaven. He did not need human aid. Yet, He chose to be born of the virgin Mary, and through the angel, instructed Joseph to become the husband of Mary and, thus, His foster father. When He became man, He entered a human family and grew through Joseph and Mary’s guidance and protection. Jesus has become part of a family, and His presence sanctified His human family. This is a poignant message for all that family is a school of holiness because Jesus is present.

We also admit that family life is not always smooth and sweet. Moments of frustrations, misunderstanding, anger, and sadness often come and struck us. Various problems ranging from economic stability to emotional immaturity beset our familial relationship. However, these ugly situations may be transformed into means of holiness if Jesus is present among us. Raising children can be tough and even irritating, but we can offer this cross to the Lord as prayer. A relationship with our spouse can be filled with misunderstanding, but before we vent our emotions, we may pause a moment and ask the Lord the best course of action we shall take. Thus, through these difficulties, we are made closer to the Lord.

We thank the Lord for the gift of life, love, and family.

Happy feast day of the Holy Family!

 

Valentinus Bayuhadi Ruseno, OP

Emmanuel

On By bayuopIn Christmas, EnglishLeave a comment

Christmas – Mass during the Night [B]

December 24, 2020

Luke 2:1-14

Christmas is one of the most beautiful and joyous times of the year. Christmas is the time to gather with the families and friends and to have an exchange of gifts. Christmas is the time to put up Christmas trees, place Nativity scenes, and play Christmas songs. Surely, Christmas is the time when families once again go to the church together.

However, this year, things do not go as we want them to be. The pandemic caused by Covid-19 continues to plague our societies, and it significantly affects how we do things and relate with one another. Some of us can no longer go home because of our nature of professions or travel restrictions. Some of us will not attend the beautiful Christmas vigil liturgy because the Church remained closed. Some of us have no special meals on the table because the poor economy hits us hard. For some of us, it is just a lonely and sad Christmas because some of our family members are sick or even have passed away.

Is this still a Christmas? In these difficult situations, all the more, we are invited to reflect on the mystery of Incarnation. The drama of salvation begins with a little baby with His poor parents. Joseph was David’s son, yet he was no more than a poor carpenter, who cannot even provide a decent place for his wife to give birth. Mary was a young mother who had to endure unimaginable shame and various threats to her life. And, at the center of Christmas is the baby boy who is God and yet chose to be born in the most unworthy place of all, a cave filled with animals. He did not opt for much grander places like a royal palace or a magnificent castle. He did not decide to be wrapped with a purple royal garment, but a simple linen cloth. He did not select a golden and comfortable bed, but an unhygienic stone manger.

Looking at the circumstances, Jesus’ birth is not that impressive, but this is what makes the mystery of Incarnation touch every human heart. He did not come as an imposing and authoritarian king like Augustus. He did not come as a shrewd military leader like Julius Caesar. He did not come as a smart politician like Herod. God comes to us as the weakest baby in the humblest place. He is a God who radically loves us and wills to embrace even our weak nature.

Christmas reminds us that Jesus is with us when we are broken by economic conditions; Jesus is with us when we cannot be with our loved ones. Jesus is with us when we are losing our family members. The first Christmas points to us that God does not always spare us from suffering, but He promises to be with us in these terrible times.

One of my friends just lost his father due to Covid-19. It was sudden and untimely death. And what made it very painful is they could not give the last farewell for him as the remain brought immediately to the cemetery. When I had a chance to talk to him, I discovered he could accept the death, and then I asked him the reason. He narrated to me that before his father was admitted to the hospital, he gave his father a brown scapular. He also learned that his father passed away when he was praying the rosary. He believed that his father was not alone when he died; God is with him. Indeed, Jesus is the Emmanuel: God is with us.

Merry Christmas!

Valentinus Bayuhadi Ruseno, OP

photocredit: debby hudson

Mary’s Fiat

On By bayuopIn Advent, EnglishLeave a comment

Fourth Sunday in Ordinary Time [B]

December 20, 2020

Luke 1:28-36

Christmas is fast approaching, and the Church is inviting us to reflect on the story of the Annunciation. Allow me to once more focus on the Blessed Virgin’s Fiat. To appreciate her answer to God’s will and plan, we need to see at least two things. Firstly, it is her historical and social context. Secondly, it is the language analysis of her response.

Mary was a young girl. According to tradition, she was around 13 or 14 years old when she got married. For many of us, living in urban settings, Mary’s marriage was remarkably too early. But, this kind of practice was nothing but expected. Lives were hard, and many people died too young due to sickness, famine, calamity, or wars. To sustain a healthy number of populations, young girls were prepared for the duty of motherhood.

Mary was betrothed to Joseph from the family of David. In the Jewish community, betrothal is the first formal step in a Jewish marriage. The exchange of vows was done in this betrothal. Mary and Joseph were spouses in the eye of Jewish law and society, except for the intimate relationship. The couple had to wait around one year before the bride moved to the house prepared by the groom from the betrothal. Usually, there was a light procession from the bride’s original place to the new house, where the wedding ceremony and reception would occur.

Legally, Mary was Joseph’s wife, and if something wrong happened, it was judged to be adultery. The Law of Moses abhors adultery since it reflects Israel’s infidelity toward Yahweh, breaking the sacred covenant. Thus, for those who were unfaithful, severe punishment awaited them. In Deu 20:22, the Torah explicitly stated that if a betrothed woman commits adultery, she and the man shall be stoned to death.  As a good Jew, Mary was aware of this terrible consequence when archangel Gabriel announced the glad tiding. If she gave her affirmation, she might face certain, untimely death. Nobody would believe her if she tried to defend her supernatural virginal conception. “She must be insane!” some would say. However, despite this imminent horrible future, Mary accepted her mission.

Now, why did she say her Fiat? I used to think that Mary’s fiat is about surrendering everything to God.  She did not understand, but her faith enabled her to trust in God’s providence. In the face of ominous dangers, to have this kind of faith is extremely remarkable. However, as I read more about this Fiat, I discover that Mary’s Fiat is more than an act of self-surrender. The Greek word used by Mary is “genomai.” This word is rather special because it expresses not an act of submission but an act of longing. This tiny detail spells the great difference. Mary did not just submit to the will of God, but she longed to do it. She was not passively accepting her fate but rather proactively fulfilling God’s plan in her. There were no traces of fear, doubt, and worry. Her yes was driven by passion, hope, and eagerness. Despite bleak tomorrow, she knew that she was about to depart into an unimaginably amazing journey. For her, the Lord’s plan is always the best and the only way to reach our utmost potential.

Do we have what it takes to have Mary’s Fiat?

Valentinus Bayuhadi Ruseno, OP

photocredit: Phil hearing