4th Sunday of Advent. December 18, 2016. Matthew 1:18-24
“Joseph her husband, since he was a righteous man, yet unwilling to expose her to shame, decided to divorce her quietly. (Mat 1:19)”
If there is one important person in the life of Jesus, but gets very little attention, this person is no other than Joseph, Jesus’ foster father. He was absent in the Gospel of Mark. In John, he was mentioned only by name. In Luke, his presence was felt, but he was overshadowed by Mary and her unique mission. Only in Matthew, Joseph had a more active role in the beginning of Jesus’ life. Yet, again, he remained a voiceless character, and simply disappeared as Jesus began his mission. Still, Joseph had significantly influenced the life of Jesus.
One of the recognizable influences was that Jesus inherited the profession of Joseph. His father was a carpenter, then Jesus was also called as the carpenter (see Mark 6:3). However, the influence of Joseph is not limited in terms of profession. There was something more. In today’s Gospel, Joseph was called as the ‘righteous man’. In Jewish society, the title ‘righteous man’ means a respectable man who faithfully follows the Law of God or Torah. He was not only well educated in the Law, but Joseph also cherished the Law dearly. Now, if we put ourselves in the shoes of Joseph when he received the news of Mary’s pregnancy, what was probably Joseph’s feeling? As an ordinary man, he must be deeply hurt, felt betrayed, by his soon-to-be wife. As a respectable person in town, he had to endure shame.
As a person who was well versed in the Law, he knew Mary had committed adultery and this sin deserved death (see Lev 20:10). Consumed by his pain and anger, Joseph could have made a public accusation and thrown the first stone on Mary. He had all the right to stone Mary and satisfy his vengeance. But, Joseph chose a different path. Instead using the Law for retaliation, Joseph decided to use the Law to save the life of Mary, and consequently, the life of Jesus. His decision is even more significant because he opted to save Mary even before the Angel Gabriel appeared to him and explained the cause of pregnancy. Despite pain of betrayal and shame, he chose to apply the Law in merciful and loving manner. And this was what Joseph taught Jesus to do.
Jesus argued a lot with the Pharisees and the Scribes on the interpretation of the Law, and for Jesus, mercy and love need to take primacy over vengeance and hatred. Thus, Jesus healed people on Sabbath (see Mat 12:10), allowed His hungry disciples to pick the grain during Sabbath (see Mat 12:1) and spared the life of woman caught in adultery (see John 8:1-11). Finally, Jesus declared that the most important Law of all is the Law of love. Now, we can trace the hands of Joseph and his merciful way in dealing with the Law.
As we prepare ourselves for Christmas, it is good to reflect on Joseph and learn from him. Do we use and create laws and regulations in our society to simply to punish and even kill people, or to heal them? When we are wronged, what is our first reaction? Seeking vengeance or working for reconciliation? What is our understanding of justice? Retaliation or restoration of goodness? We pray that St. Joseph will lead us into just society based on mercy and love.
Br. Valentinus Bayuhadi Ruseno, OP



The truth is born out of a conversation. Genuine conversation is coming from our ability to listen. And listening to one another is not easy because it presupposes great humility. The turning point of St. Dominic de Guzman, the founder of the Order of Preachers, was inside the pub. He had an overnight conversation with the innkeeper, an Albigensian whose religion denied the goodness of creation. This long yet open dialogue did not only bring the innkeeper back to the Catholic faith, but also led Dominic to discover his mission in life. This encounter revealed the truth both for the innkeeper and Dominic.
Why did many people come to John the Baptist and listen to him? I believe that the Jewish people hungered for the truth. It might be an inconvenient and hurtful truth, but they longed to hear it. They were tired of listening to their leaders, like the Pharisees and the Sadducees, who were not honest but were living in hypocrisy. They were exhausted by numerous religious obligations but did not find any inspiration and a good example from their leaders. John came and preached to them the truth with simplicity and integrity, and the Israelites knew that they had to hear him.
We are entering the Season of Advent. This season marks the beginning of the new Church’s liturgical year as well as of the four Sundays preparation for Christmas. Advent is from the Latin word ‘Adventus’ meaning ‘arrival’, and thus, this season prepares us for the coming of Christ.

In many other ancient religions, temple was a sacred place. It is holy because their gods or goddesses chose to make their dwelling place and they may serve and worship their gods there. Thus, many cultic rituals in honor of their gods like animal sacrifices and prayers took place in the temples. The temple became the visible signs of the divine presence among the people. Zeus was felt alive in his temple in Mount Olympus, or the gods of Rome were present in the Pantheon.
The month of November is dedicated to honor all the saints in heaven as well as to pray for the souls in the purgatory. It begins with the celebration of All Saints’ Day on November 1 and the commemoration of the All Souls Day on November 2. We, the Dominicans, celebrate the all Dominican Saints on November 7 and pray for the souls of our Dominican family on November 8. This Church’s celebration traces its origin to Pope Boniface IV in the 7th century, yet its roots go deeper into Jesus Christ Himself.


Last Sunday, Jesus reminded us to pray without getting weary. But, in today’s Gospel, Jesus tells us that there is something more than perseverance in prayer. It has something to do with the way we pray. Not only quantity of prayer, but also the quality of prayer. Yet, how do we know that we have a quality prayer?
Getting tired and bored is unwanted yet unavoidable part of our lives. After doing things for a certain period of time, we get exhausted. Even if we are doing something we love, we are also bound to feel weary. Indeed, a man marries the woman he loves, but after sometime, encountering disappointments and problems, he begins to think whether he made the right decision. A woman loves dearly her teenage girl, but after sometime, her girl gets involved in substance abuse and runs away with his friends. She spends all her money and energy to win her daughter back yet to no avail, and she simply gets tired. As a religious brother, I love my vocation, but after years of waking up early, attending Mass and prayers, and plunging myself in rigorous study, I get bored.